ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Nutritional status and risk of obesity in working-age men
East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research, Angarsk, Russia
Correspondence should be addressed: Natalia V. Efimova
Irkutsk region, Angarsk, 665827, PO Box 1170; ur.xobni@balocedem
Author contribution: Efimova NV analyzed the literature, collected and analyzed the obtained data, wrote the manuscript
Compliance with ethical standards: Voluntary informed consent was obtained from all study participants. The study complied with the principles of biomedical ethics and did not pose any danger for its participants.
The aim of this study was to estimate the energy content, macronutrient intake and their impact on the somatometric parameters in older working-age men. A total of 284 men included in the study were asked to fill out the questionnaire and underwent a physical examination. Dietary patterns were studied using a 24h recall method. The following measurements were taken: body height and weight, waist and hip circumference. BMI was calculated. The participants were divided into 3 groups by the level of their physical activity (PA): low PA (energy expenditure 2300≤PA<2700 kcal/day), moderate PA (2700≤PA<3100), high PA (3100≤PA<4000). Of all study participants, 22.3% had normal BMI, 31.7% were generally obese, and 27.1% had abdominal obesity. Individuals with abdominal obesity made up 93.3±3.7% of the general obesity group. On average, energy intake was within the reference range for 60.3±2.9% of the participants, was higher than recommended in 21.7±2.4% of cases and below the recommended level in 17.9±2.3% of cases. The risk of obesity for individuals whose dietary energy intake exceeded the recommended levels was ОR=1.9 [1.05-3.67], χ2=2.7; р=0.05. The diet of subjects with BMI ≥ 30 had higher protein, cholesterol and starch content than in other groups. The high PA group was at risk of abdominal and general obesity (OR=3.6 [1.5-7.7], р=0.005 and OR=3.6 [1.5-7.7], р=0.005, respectively). In the low PA group, increased BMI was observed in 47.4±3.4% of the subjects, and 12.3±5.8% had abdominal obesity. Our findings may be useful for developing nutritional guidelines for the working-age population.
Keywords: diet, macronutrients, abdominal obesity, risk, energy content, general obesity, working-age men