Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Milushkina OYu, Popov VI, Morgun AN, Skoblina NA, Fedotov DM, Devrishov RD, Skoblina EV, Tikhonova YuL

The large body of accumulated scientific material requires not only literature reviews, but also an analysis of authors’ current publication activity and a search for possible research priority areas. This study aimed to analyze publications addressing the physical development of children and adolescents during the past ten years. We searched for papers in https://elibrary.ru/, narrowing the selection only to sources belonging to the core of the RSCI. The search spanned the period from the beginning of 2014 to the first quarter of 2025. The keywords were "physical development," "children and adolescents." We found that more than 500 studies on the topic have been published in 33 journals over the past decade. This study highlights the most cited publications, outlines the range of current research topics, and discusses the prospects of future investigations. The analysis of publication activity related to the studies considering physical development of children, adolescents and youth has demonstrated continued relevance of research in this area. However, it should rely on big data, cross-discipline approach involving leading schools of thought, monitoring of previously published papers to avoid duplication, fundamental research as basis of the efforts, and domestic scholar traditions. Other prerequisites of efficient studies in this field include exchange of scientific experience and cross-citation of papers that supports comparisons of the results.

Received: 2025-09-26

Published online: 2026-06-06

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.161

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VIEWS 44

Protasova OS, Nasybullina GM, Kishka OV

Despite restrictive measures adopted by many governments worldwide, nicotine addiction remains a serious global health problem. In recent years, adolescents and young people have been strongly encouraged to use nicotine-containing products (NCPs), as the market has seen the emergence of new nicotine delivery vehicles such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). This study aimed to analyze the patterns of use of NCPs by students. We surveyed 866 young people using standardized questionnaires, including the WHO Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) and the Fagerström Test. Over the course of their lives, 65.6% of respondents (n = 568) had consumed NCPs. E-cigarettes are the most popular product among current users (31.5% of respondents, n = 273), ahead of traditional cigarettes and hookahs. A significant portion of users (67.3%, n = 233) combine several types of NCPs. The median age at first nicotine use was 16.0 [14.0–18.0] years for boys and 17.0 [15.0–18.0] years for girls; among adolescents who had ever tried nicotine (n = 256), 44.4% reported e-cigarettes as their first product. High nicotine addiction was identified in 22.5% of users (n = 78). The main reason for the first try is curiosity (63.5%, n = 366), and continued (current) consumption is mainly motivated by the desire to relax and get distracted from problems. The results of this study emphasize the need to develop targeted prevention programs that take into account current trends and psychological mechanisms of formation of addiction in adolescents and youth.

Received: 2025-12-03

Published online: 2026-06-03

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.160

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VIEWS 61

Melikhova EP, Khaustov SN, Kopylov AS, Iurin GA, Tochenova UV

The problem of inadequate nutrition among students is especially significant at medical universities, where the academic workload is high. It is particularly important because the years spent in higher education are when long-term eating habits are formed, and the body undergoes its final stages of development. In this work, we aimed to assess how the intensity of the educational process affects daily diet and eating behavior of students, and suggest substantiated preventive measures. The cross-sectional study involved 199 second-year students (114 women and 85 men; mean age 19.5 ± 1.5 years), who completed a questionnaire; the results were then processed using descriptive statistical methods. We assessed the caloric and macronutrient composition of the diet, dietary regime, and behavioral factors. The mean dietary energy intake was 1597.3 ± 27.1 kcal; the diet was calorie‑deficient for 122 participants (61.3%) and adequate for 59 (29.6%) (p < 0.001). By nutrient, 122 participants (61.3%) did not consume enough protein, 117 (58.8%) lacked sufficient fat, and 100 (50.3%) had insufficient carbohydrate intake. Young men consumed more energy than young women (1701.6 ± 31.8 vs. 1520.4 ± 25.3 kcal; p < 0.001). Only 44.4% of the respondents ate three meals a day, while 24.2% ate two or less. Regular consumption of fast food products was admitted by 157 students (78.9%). The resulting data indicate systemic nutritional deficiencies and the need to implement preventive measures in educational settings.

Received: 2026-03-23

Published online: 2026-06-02

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.159

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VIEWS 58

Sonkin DV, Goncharova GA

Stationary summer recreation camps provide opportunities for comprehensive health improvement and optimal physical development of children and adolescents. However, the issue of evaluating the effectiveness of health measures during a single session (typically lasting 21 days) remains relevant. The paper is focused on the analysis of to modern approaches to physiological and hygienic assessment of the effectiveness of recreation and health improvement in children and adolescents in summer recreation camps, considering the short duration and complex nature of the health interventions. Additionally, it explores prospects for using modern biomedical technologies to enhance the reliability and information value of methods for assessing health-improving effects. Promising methods include those based on bioelectrical impedance and the use of digital health monitoring systems, considering the child’s baseline health status and individual characteristics.

Received: 2025-11-21

Published online: 2026-06-01

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.158

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VIEWS 107

Konstantinova YuS, Chuyev AS

Microplastic pollution, which exerts both direct and indirect effects on human health, has emerged as one of the most pressing global environmental threats. We performed systematic analysis of pathways for microplastics migration through food chains, assessed the impact of microplastics on body’s physiological systems, estimated the existing risk reduction strategies. The review encompassed publications from the past decade, selected based on their relevance to the issue of microplastics intake with water and food products. Plastic waste, synthetic textiles, and food products have been identified as primary sources of pollution. Identification of microplastics in 93% of bottled water samples, along with the presence of hundreds of microparticles per kilogram of sea salt, confirms the magnitude of the exposure. It has been found that particles sized 0.1–150 µm can damage the intestinal epithelium, thereby inducing inflammation and oxidative stress; particles sized 2.5–10 µm reduce functional lung capacity; nanoplastics capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier exerts neurotoxicity. Membrane water purification methods exhibit efficiency of up to 99.9%. A comprehensive approach, including regulatory frameworks, technological solutions, and hygiene practices designed to disrupt the pathways through which microplastics enter the body, is necessary.

Received: 2025-10-12

Published online: 2026-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.157

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VIEWS 450

Kozelsky AS, Kaminer DD, Zharov AR, Korolik VV

There are many hazards a pathologist is exposed to professionally, including biological (pathogens), chemical (preservatives, reagents), physical (radiation, noise) factors, psycho-emotional stress, and ergonomic risks. Historically, the standardization of these factors and risks has lagged significantly behind practice. The digitalization of pathology (digital microscopy, telemedicine) mitigates some traditional hazards but generates new risks: visual stress, sedentary working conditions, exposure to electromagnetic fields, and psycho-emotional stress from using digital platforms. The history of standardization reflects progress in understanding the unique risks of the profession and the value of medical workers' health. Technological advances necessitate the continued updating of regulations. Thus far, too few studies have been conducted on the evolution of adverse factors and their sanitary and hygienic standardization in the work of pathologists. This review analyzes the development of a system of professional sanitary and hygienic standards for pathologists in Russia.

Received: 2025-11-14

Published online: 2026-03-27

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.156

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VIEWS 803

Kirillova AV, Tolmachev AP, Luzanova AS, Fedina EV

The issue of bullying prevention remains extremely urgent due to persistence of this social phenomenon in educational institutions. The paper reports a clinical case of the long functional neurological disorder in an adolescent female patient. The patient M.’s mental status at admission was determined by frequent manifest recurrent convulsive attacks with the prolonged loss of consciousness developed against the background of systematic bullying. The clinical features of the systematic attacks observed could indicate the disorder epileptic genesis. However, the series of laboratory and instrumental tests combined with consulting experts in psychiatry confirmed the somato-mental origin of convulsive conditions. Thus, it can be concluded that not every seizure syndrome is necessarily a manifestation of a neurological disorder. The reported example emphasizes the importance of preventing bullying in educational institutions, as well as raising awareness of individuals involved in the educational process about possible consequences of bullying in educational institutions and the importance of creating a comfortable and safe psychological environment.

Received: 2026-01-14

Published online: 2026-03-24

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.155

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VIEWS 340

Sukhoverkhova EA, Kopylov AS, Popov VI

The high prevalence of smoking and consumption of energy drinks among students is a significant medical and social problem. This study aimed to investigate the impact of these harmful habits on the quality of life of students of the Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, and to assess their awareness of the risks associated with such bad habits. We invited 442 second- and third-year students from the medical, pediatric, and dental faculties to complete O.I. Gubina's Quality of Life Assessment questionnaire. Energy drink drinking was found to be more prevalent than smoking; male participants practiced these habits significantly more often than female. Electronic cigarettes were the most common form of nicotine consumption. We established significant correlations of smoking with respiratory symptoms (the closest — with cough, r = 0.489; p < 0.05), and consumption of energy drinks — with tachycardia (r = 0.864; p < 0.05), sleep disorders (r = 0.251; p < 0.05), and headache (r = 0.217; p < 0.05). The quality of life was significantly lower in the groups of students with harmful habits, and the median values were minimal when the said habits were combined, especially on the "Health" and "Spirituality and Healthy Lifestyle" scales. Despite the awareness of harm, a significant part of students do not intend to give up harmful habits. The results of the study emphasize the need to develop prevention programs aimed at risk groups, primarily young men and people with combined addiction.

Received: 2025-12-26

Published online: 2026-03-20

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.154

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VIEWS 633