Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Issue 3, 2024

Topic 20th Anniversary of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University

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Issue 2, 2023

Topic Health protection of student youth

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Issue 3, 2023

Topic Hygiene issues in using mobile electronic devices

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Issue 4, 2023

Topic To the 115th anniversary of the Department of Hygiene of the Pediatric Faculty of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

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Issue 1, 2024

Topic New hygienic factors and their impact on health

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Issue 2, 2024

Topic Physical development of students

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New articles

Staheeva AA, Zakharova AA, Umnov NM, Drugova ED, Korolik VV, Sheina NI

Disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) is an important environmental and hygienic problem, but it causes not only environmental, but also great economic damage. From January 1, 2019, it was planned to carry out a reform of solid waste management. Many regions were not ready for waste reform. The problem of waste disposal is especially acute in federal cities. The goal is to study the readiness of regional operators in large cities (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sevastopol) and students to solve the problem of waste disposal. A total of 100 solid waste collection sites were examined in the central and peripheral regions of Moscow, St. Petersburg and Sevastopol. An online survey of 356 medical students was conducted. When examining districts of three cities, the main difficulties in the peripheral regions were insufficient lighting, lack of fences and protective soil coverings, in the central regions - non-compliance with zoning in the location of sites in relation to the housing stock, lack of lids on containers, which worsens the sanitary and epidemiological situation. The main motivations for students to participate in separate waste collection were the convenience of container location and incentives; environmental problems were of interest to only 4% of respondents. The results of the study revealed the need to continue reforming the primary level of solid waste management and conducting environmental and hygienic education of the population, including youth and students, in terms of the importance of waste management using modern technologies.

Received: 2024-02-13

Published online: 2024-09-28

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.109

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VIEWS 114

Solovyova JuV, Paunova SS, Markelova SV, Kirillova AV, Skoblina NA, Tseplyaeva KV, Sapunova NO

Great attention is traditionally paid to prevention of infectious diseases in pediatric population. Along with the institutional, therapeutic and preventive measures, it is necessary to control public awareness of such issues. The study was aimed to analyze awareness of primary school, high school, and senior school students, college and university students of the issues related to prevention of infections with fecal-oral and hematogenic transmission mechanisms. The study was carried out using the private online questionnaire consisting of three items (personal information, questions regarding awareness of the infections with fecal-oral and hematogenic transmission mechanisms). The properly filled questionnaires of the respondents, who had given to consent to participation in the study, were analyzed. It was found that schoolchildren aged 12–15 years were the least informed about the issues related to prevention of infections with fecal-oral and hematogenic transmission mechanisms, while the group of students aged 18–30 years was the most informed. It was hypothesized that parents influenced the choice of answer made by schoolchildren aged 6–11 during the online survey. It has been proposed to ensure raising of the 6–15-year-old students’ awareness of the issues related to prevention of infectious diseases, including by means of hygienic training when mastering such school curriculum subjects, as Biology and Human Life Safety.

Received: 2024-01-22

Published online: 2024-09-28

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.108

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VIEWS 125

Bogomolov AV, Ushakov IB, Popov VI

Solving the problems of ensuring long and active life of all Russians, regardless of their place of residence, requires the development and implementation of digital preventive medicine technologies. It is noted that it is necessary to develop and implement health risk monitoring consistent with the digital technology development level, principle of data-driven management, and conceptual provisions of the disease prediction and prevention, personalized and participatory nature of medical care to create the human health shaping, maintenance, and preservation digital platform. The paper provides the rationale for the fact that the block (cascade) diagram of occupational health changes in aviation, the use of which as part of the digital platform to be created requires enlargement of the set of blocks of the health risk minimization cascade and the cascade of the risk factor effect minimization aimed to consider all the health risk minimization potentialities, as well as to develop methodological support of the risk factor dose and health risk calculation aimed to cover the maximum number of social and occupational population groups, meets these requirements.

Received: 2024-08-24

Published online: 2024-09-27

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.107

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VIEWS 134

Myznikova IA, Mekhantyev II, Stepkin YuI, Nenakhov IG

Professional hygienic training and certification of specialists employed in the fields associated with epidemiological hazards are of great practical importance. The level of sanitary literacy of those exposed to epidemiologically significant factors determines the sanitary and epidemiological conditions in the respective facilities. This study aimed to gauge the said level among those employed in the field of children's education and upbringing. By design, the study was applied, single-center, cross-sectional, and selective. The object of the study was the staff of a facility with inherent epidemiological risks (child educators and supervisors), and the subject of the study was their level of sanitary literacy. The work lasted for 6 calendar months, until the sample reached the required size needed to reliably calculate the level of sanitary literacy of the staff expressed as means based on the test results. The methods of medical statistics were used for the analysis of the study's results. We discovered that the level of sanitary literacy of persons whose professional activities are related to the upbringing and education of children is low (the average amount of correct answers to the test questions was 65%), and identified attributes influencing the educational process: mode of attendance, gender, age, frequency of training, job title groups.

Received: 2024-07-09

Published online: 2024-09-25

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.106

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VIEWS 140

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Popular articles

Chevzhik YuV, Milushkina OYu, Shemyakov SE, Skoblina NA, Samokhina AO

Currently, there is increasing number of overweight people all over the world. The increase in the incidence of depression among the population, especially among adolescents and young adults, has been reported. The study was aimed to determine the relationship between excess body weight and severity of depression in the young adult students taught at the initial courses in the medical university. The study involved 230 junior medical students (163 females and 67 males) having no chronic disorders. Body mass index (BMI) was determined in the subjects. The depression severity was defined using the Beck Depression Inventory. The analysis showed that the average BMI was 3.0 ± 3.9 AU in males and 22.0 ± 4.3 AU in females. The share of underweight male subjects was 7.5%, while the share of underweight females was 10.5%; 28.3% of males and 13.5% of female subjects had excess body weight and obesity of varying severity. No signs of depression were found in 66.0% of males and 61.0% of females. We revealed no significant correlation between BMI and depression.

Received: 2023-12-05

Published online: 2024-06-28

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.098

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VIEWS 357

Domakhina AS, Korsakov AV, Troshin VP, Pivovarov YuP, Korolik VV

Anthropogenic impact on the biosphere has become one of the major factors dictating the conditions of our existence on the Earth. The study was aimed to perform comparative analysis of the rate of cytogenetic alterations, indicators of proliferation and destruction of the nucleus in the vaginal epithelium reflecting the reproductive health status of pregnant women aged 26–33 years living in conditions of radioactive, chemical and combined contamination of the territories of Bryansk Region. Cytogenetic status of 80 pregnant women divided into four groups, 20 individuals per group, was assessed using the micronucleus test. The rate of cytogenetic alterations, indicators of proliferation and destruction of the nucleus in the vaginal epithelium of pregnant women living in the environmentally disadvantaged territories was 1.9–4.9 times higher (p < 0.001) compared to that in women living in the environmentally safe (control) districts. The combined effects of radioactive and chemical contamination resulted in the significantly higher rate (increase from 12.8 to 81.4%) of cells with micronuclei, nuclear protrusions, binucleated cells, as well as cells with karyopyknosis and karyolysis compared to the effect of only one pollution factor. The findings are likely to show synergy of the effects of radiation and chemical factors on the cytogenetic status of pregnant women.

Received: 2024-02-05

Published online: 2024-06-25

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.096

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VIEWS 334