ISSN Print 2713-0878    ISSN Online 2713-0886
Russian Bulletin of Hygiene
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Opinion Nutrition optimization and educational technologies in the system of personalized prevention of obesity complications: hygienic aspects
Lapik IA, Tarmayeva IYu, Nikityuk DB
Obesity is a global epidemic of the 21st century and a core component in the development of nutrition-related diseases. In the Russian Federation (RF), more than 60% of the adult population is overweight or obese, which necessitates designing and implementing new prevention strategies. This study aimed to provide a scientific basis for the role of personalized dietary interventions and educational technologies in preventing obesity-related complications. We reviewed papers from PubMed and eLIBRARY databases (2020-2026) found by keywords "obesity," "nutrition," "education," "prevention". The analysis showed that the effectiveness of the traditional approaches to diet therapy is insufficient. It was established that the key to successful prevention is extended diagnostics providing data on the individual metabolic phenotypes. Healthy Nutrition educational cluster and digital components of the NIAP system (research-based educational and analytical platform) are important tools in increasing obesity-related public awareness and professional training of medical specialists. Effective personalized prevention of obesity complications requires concurrent realization of three interrelated initiatives: diet correction based on instrumental diagnostics; adoption of educational technologies for doctors and patients; and reinforcement of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance measures. The proposed multilevel approach, which integrates hygiene-related measures and modern digital tools, enables a reduction in the prevalence of obesity and the achievement of strategic public health-saving goals in the Russian population.
Received: 2026-04-09
Published online: 2026-06-29
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.167
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VIEWS 85
Method The results of applying the health diagnosis program in medical university students
Markelova SV, Prokhorov PYu
The introduction of a system for monitoring the body’s functional state and nutritional characteristics into the medical university educational process seems to be a relevant solution to the problem of maintaining the health of student youth. The study aimed to test the use of the Valeoscan program for monitoring the health and diet features in the 1st-year, 4th-year, and 6th-year students of the Medical Institute of the Tula State University (n = 3676). A significant (p < 0.05) increase in the time it took to complete psychophysiological tests was reported in the first-years, who studied in 2016−2023: the time to complete the correction test increased from 200.59 ± 4.21 s to 231.83 ± 5.71 s in females; from 202.40 ± 6.02 s to 229.00 ± 7.34 s in males. In the dynamics of the years of study (from the 1st to 6th year), a significant (р < 0.05) increase in body mass index (BMI) was revealed: from 20.81 ± 0.30 kg/m2 to 22.45 ± 0.41 kg/m2 in females; from 22.71 ± 0.65 kg/m2 to 24.24 ± 0.54 kg/m2 in males, respectively. Furthermore, an increase in the proportion of students with overweight in the BMI range ≥ 29 kg/m² was revealed. In the 6th year, the proportion decreased of the students with excess fat in their diet (from 13.72 ± 0.09 to 8.32 ± 0.04% in females, p < 0.05; from 46.94 ± 0.28 to 6.72 ± 0.05% in males, р = 0.00039) and water deficit (from 72.41 ± 0.12 to 66.73 ± 0.21% in females, р < 0.05; from 71.85 ± 0.13 to 66.72 ± 0.21% in males, р < 0.05); the proportion of students, who followed healthy eating principles, increased (from 73.26 ± 0.64 to 81.39 ± 0.73% in females, р < 0.05; from 62.86 ± 0.52 to 65.71 ± 0.54% in males, р < 0,05). The Valeoscan program introduction into the educational process has made it possible to monitor the functional health indicators and nutritional characteristics of medical university students, which can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the health-preserving technology being introduced.
Received: 2026-02-13
Published online: 2026-06-28
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.166
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VIEWS 66
Original research Consumer motivation when choosing drinks positioned as healthy
Oganesyants EL, Kochetkova AA
Given the growing prevalence of nutrition-related diseases (obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus) in the Russian Federation, medical community and producers of functional and specialized products have been increasingly focused on the category of soft drinks positioned as healthy. This study aimed to identify the key drivers of consumers' choices of soft drinks marketed as healthy. The sample consisted of urban residents (Moscow) aged 18 and above. In June–July 2025, we invited 144 respondents to fill out an online survey and analyzed relevant regulatory documents published in 2023–2025. Five leading drivers of choice were identified: taste (80%), ingredients and naturalness (71%), price (53%), functional effect (51%), and purchase convenience (38%). It was found that the gravity of the price factor is inversely correlated with the respondents' income level (χ² = 15.3; p = 0.0047). The results of this study confirm that beverage choices are largely driven by hedonic motivations and subsequently rationalized through health-related justifications. Successful integration of functional beverages into consumer practices requires adaptation to the system of consumer rituals and taste expectations.
Received: 2026-05-07
Published online: 2026-06-25
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.165
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VIEWS 110
Opinion Modern hygienic approaches to assessing the compliance of specialized food products
Setko AG, Novokshanova AL, Yuskinа ON
One way to meet the body's physiological nutrient needs is to normalize the population's diet through specialized food products (SFP), including biologically active supplements (BAS). At the same time, the content of bioactive substances in these products requires confirmation of compliance with the mandatory requirements of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) legislation. Sanitary and epidemiological examination is key to obtaining a positive or negative decision on the SFP's compliance with established requirements and declared properties. ased on the results of the sanitary and epidemiological examination, Rospotrebnadzor or another authorized body decides to issue a state registration certificate (SRC), which serves as a document allowing the manufacturer to produce and sell SFPs within the EAEU. This article presents an assessment of modern hygienic approaches to the sanitary and epidemiological examination of SFPs and provides explanations of the procedure for preparing the required documentation for examination. The provisions of the publication will be useful to specialists performing sanitary and epidemiological examination of SFPs, as well as to manufacturers and applicants planning to obtain a SRC.
Received: 2026-01-20
Published online: 2026-06-24
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.164
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VIEWS 232
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Review The history of sanitary and hygienic standards for pathologists in Russia
Kozelsky AS, Kaminer DD, Zharov AR, Korolik VV
There are many hazards a pathologist is exposed to professionally, including biological (pathogens), chemical (preservatives, reagents), physical (radiation, noise) factors, psycho-emotional stress, and ergonomic risks. Historically, the standardization of these factors and risks has lagged significantly behind practice. The digitalization of pathology (digital microscopy, telemedicine) mitigates some traditional hazards but generates new risks: visual stress, sedentary working conditions, exposure to electromagnetic fields, and psycho-emotional stress from using digital platforms. The history of standardization reflects progress in understanding the unique risks of the profession and the value of medical workers' health. Technological advances necessitate the continued updating of regulations. Thus far, too few studies have been conducted on the evolution of adverse factors and their sanitary and hygienic standardization in the work of pathologists. This review analyzes the development of a system of professional sanitary and hygienic standards for pathologists in Russia.
Received: 2025-11-14
Published online: 2026-03-27
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.156
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VIEWS 905
Original research Inclusion of a plant-based product in the diet of knowledge workers to enhance their vitamin and mineral status
Rakhmanov RS, Bogomolova ES, Narutdinov DA, Razgulin SA, Shurkin DA
Environmental conditions and strenuous cognitive workload necessitate optimization of nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a predominantly plant-based product in improvement of the vitamin and mineral status of people engaged in intellectual labor. The formula for the product was developed after assessment of the said status and working conditions of the participants. The treatment group (n = 30) has been supplementing its diet with the product for 21 days, while the control group (n = 30) has not. The blood plasma levels of vitamins (B9 and B12, and 25(OH)D) and minerals (K, Na, ionized and total Ca, Fe, Mg, and P) were determined. By degree of strain, the considered occupations were classified as harmful strenuous work (class 3.2).  Initially, the level of vitamin B9 in each group was in the "low−normal" zone. Through the experiment, in the treatment group it increased by 3.2−3.8%, while in the control group the said level dropped by 3.7−3.9%; the level of vitamin B12  increased by 36.7−46.7% and decreased in 23.3−36.7%, respectively, and that of 25(OH)D increased by 3.0% (p = 0.02) and decreased by 3.3% (p = 0.03). The level of ionized calcium in the treatment group increased by 7.0% (p = 0.001) and decreased by 50.0−53.3% in the control group. Iron levels increased by 3.1% in 80% of the treatment group participants (p = 0.04), and sodium levels increased by 0.9% (p = 0.04), which was 46.7−60.0% higher than the baseline values; in the control group, sodium levels dropped by 23.3−26.7%. No significant changes were recorded for the levels of K, total Ca, P, Mg, but at the level of individual indicators we observed multidirectional changes.  Thus, the use of the multicomponent plant-based product demonstrates the promise of this approach for preventing vitamin and mineral deficiencies.
Received: 2025-06-25
Published online: 2026-03-03
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.151
Comments 0
VIEWS 735
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