Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Dubrovina EA, Goncharova GA

The article analyzes the experience of developing health preservation competencies of medical students in the context of blended learning and application of innovative health preservation techniques. Health preservation is a multilevel problem that requires an integrated approach implying readiness of medical graduates to respond flexibly to the changing landscape of their professional activities; therefore, the article discusses some promising options of mastering universal competencies and their integration into the educational process while factoring in the current knowledge on hygiene education, patterns of thinking, psychology of consciousness, decision-making and practical skills, all of which should be developed and consolidated by applying the various current forms, technologies and methods of work.

Received: 2023-05-26

Published online: 2023-06-22

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.070

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VIEWS 485

The lack of a well-defined healthy lifestyle culture adopted by young people is one of the reasons behind them developing chronic non-communicable diseases. The review summarizes the results of a number of scientific investigations of the relationship between behavioral risk factors and health indicators as registered in the working and studying youth; we present the values reflecting the relative link between onset of chronic diseases and alcohol consumption, smoking, low physical activity, sleep disturbance, nutritional habits and use of gadgets, and highlight the specific aspects of how the risk factors associated with the lifestyle of youth are perceived.

Received: 2023-04-25

Published online: 2023-05-26

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.069

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VIEWS 547

Shaping healthy lifestyle in high school seniors is one of the main challenges of society. The high school seniors' lifestyle is formed under the influence of their parents and teachers. The study was aimed to form a picture of the hygienic profile of high school seniors, their parents and teachers. An online questionnaire survey of 158 high school students aged 15–18, 113 parents, 202 teachers was carried out. It has been found that 88.6% of high school seniors spend much time on electronic gadgets, 37.2% spend more than three hours on homework, 39.9% sleep less than six hours per day, 35.3% drink alcohol, 12.7% have tried smoking, 4.0% smoke, 17.3% spend less than 60 min per day outdoors, 54.3% have insufficient physical activity, 25% do not follow principles of healthy eating, 25.1% eat cooked meals less than two times a day, 11.0% have a late supper. Among parents, spending much time on lectronic gadgets is reported in 30.1%, furthermore, 46.9% of them do nothing to improve their health, 55.7% sleep less than six hours per day, 25.6% drink alcohol, 11.5% smoke, 49.6% have insufficient physical activity, 20.4% do not follow principles of healthy eating, 15.0% have a late supper. As for teachers, spending much time on lectronic gadgets is reported in 37.8%, 41.7% of teachers do nothing to improve their health, 59.2% sleep less than six hours per day, 9.5% drink alcohol, 9.5% smoke, 42.8% have insufficient physical activity, 38.3% do not follow principles of healthy eating, 26.0% have a late supper. The hygienic profile of high school seniors, their parents and teachers demonstrates unhealthy lifestyle choices that pose a challenge for their lifestyle and health.

Received: 2023-04-11

Published online: 2023-05-25

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.068

Comments 0

VIEWS 508

Kaminer DD, Dubrovina EA, Sheina NI, Skoblina NA, Sanakoeva EYu, Vorona VP

Building on the global medical historiography, this review attempts to demonstrate the continued interest and involvement of doctors in investigation of the influence of environmental factors, their epidemiological and pathological aspects, on life expectancy and health of human beings, as well as to cover the most significant domestically developed prevention measures applicable in everyday life, during epidemics and against occupational hazards. We have also attempted to outline the history of interinfluence of the two medical specializations, including the new round of their transformation as they merge into the digital reality of today. The review shows that when medicine, as science and trade, in Russia was going through its establishing phases in Russia, the prominent Russian experts underscored the need for integrated application of therapeutic and hygienic approaches, development of the most effective combination thereof with the aim of qualitative improvement of public health care. The article considers the historical prerequisites for development of the system of preventive and anti-epidemic measures, which are the key safeguards against diseases, and development of the hygiene, including occupational hygiene, from the moment of inception to the age of digital medicine we live in currently.

Received: 2023-02-08

Published online: 2023-05-12

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.067

Comments 0

VIEWS 583

Ionova AS, Skrebneva AV, Melikhova EP

Aging is a destructive physiological process that increases with age and results in the decrease in the body's adaptive capacity. Aging is irreversible, however, it can be prolonged for many decades though maintaining active longevity. The study was aimed to assess ageing in terms of demography and analyze demographic policy in the Voronezh region. The study involved assessment of the major demographic parameters of the population, such as mortality, birth rate, population, and life expectancy. The data were provided by the territorial agency of the Federal State Statistics Service in the Voronezh region (Voronezhstat). It has been found that in recent years (2015–2021) birth rate has decreased by 1.4 times, life expectancy has decreased by 4.1 years, and mortality has increased by 1.5 times (2019–2021). Today, the population of elderly people is growing. This results in the situation when mortality exceeds birth rate. Population aging observed in the Voronezh region is rapid. To improve the major parameters, the demographic policy outlined in the document “On Approval of the Concept of Demographic Policy in the Voronezh Region for the Period up to 2025” has been implemented that is focused on improving both borth rate and the quality of life of the population. The project has not yet brought any desirable result, however, activities in this field contribute to improvement of major demographic indicators.

Received: 2023-03-14

Published online: 2023-04-13

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.066

Comments 0

VIEWS 546

Protection of the schoolgirls' reproductive health that often depends on many factors, one way or another associated with low awareness of the issue, is a global priority in modern society. The study was aimed to assess the factors that affect reproductive health of the school-age girls. An online questionnaire survey of 100 girls aged 15–18 aimed at detecting reproductive health problems was carried out in Moscow. The average age of menarche was 12.3 ± 1.2 years, however, there were girls, who had menarche at the age of 10 years (10%), and those, who had menarche after the age of 14 (7%), among schoolgirls. Blood spotting between periods was observed in 21% and pelvic pain in 44% of schoolgirls; 81% had severe pain. Irritability, aggression, easy crying, rapid fatigue, and faintness before and during the periods were reported by 98%; swelling, weight gain, abdominal distension, constipation, diarrhea, breast engorgement and soreness were reported by 73%; headache, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, increased sensitivity to smell and sound were noted by 50%; high blood pressure, heart-related pain, increased heart rate, panic attacks were reported by 21%; menstrual disorders were observed in 16% of school-age girls. The study showed that 60% of schoolgirls demonstrated medium awareness, 28% showed high awareness, and 12% had insufficient knowledge about reproductive health. The schoolgirls' insufficient awareness of the reproductive health-related issues is a major medical and social challenge that can negatively affect the schoolgirls' reproductive health and cause not only various reproductive system disorders, but also reproductive losses and even infertility later in life.

Received: 2023-02-18

Published online: 2023-04-04

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.065

Comments 0

VIEWS 652

Medvedeva NYu, Gunina SV, Urtenova AYu

Healthy lifestyle is one of the factors determining the human health status. The study was aimed to estimate the contributions of certain lifestyle factors to the health status of the ninth-grade students attending school in Voronezh. During the study special attention was paid to the key role of school and family in shaping the school student's strive for healthy lifestyle. The questionnaire survey carried out under conditions that precluded discussion without time limit was used as the main method. Nutrition, motor activity, personal hygiene, daily routine, and harmful habits are highlighted among the studied lifestyle components. The crucial role of such lifestyle factors, as nutrition and motor activity has been proven. The lifestyle differences between girls and boys have been revealed. Analysis of the data obtained has made it possible to find out that the main risk factors in the group of school students with the almost healthy lifestyle are malnutrition in boys and reduced motor activity in girls. Furthermore, in school students, whose lifestyle is associated with health risks, all the lifestyle components can be considered as risk factors, regardless of the child's gender.

Received: 2022-12-20

Published online: 2023-03-26

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.064

Comments 0

VIEWS 532

Kaminer DD, Dubrovina EA, Sheina NI, Skoblina NA, Sanakoeva EYu, Vorona VP

Building on the global medical historiography, this review attempts to demonstrate the continued interest and involvement of doctors in investigation of the influence of environmental factors, their epidemiological and pathological aspects, on life expectancy and health of human beings, as well as to cover the most significant domestically developed prevention measures applicable in everyday life, during epidemics and against occupational hazards. We have also attempted to outline the history of interinfluence of the two medical specializations, including the new round of their transformation as they merge into the digital reality of today. The review shows that when medicine, as science and trade, in Russia was going through its establishing phases in Russia, the prominent Russian experts underscored the need for integrated application of therapeutic and hygienic approaches, development of the most effective combination thereof with the aim of qualitative improvement of public health care. The article considers the historical prerequisites for development of the system of preventive and anti-epidemic measures, which are the key safeguards against diseases, and development of the hygiene, including occupational hygiene, from the moment of inception to the age of digital medicine we live in currently.

Received: 2023-02-08

Published online: 2023-03-20

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.063

Comments 0

VIEWS 577