Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Libina II, Chernykh NYu, Melikhova EP, Skrebneva AV, Fertikova TE, Vasilieva MV, Zhuravleva IV

The analysis of socio-hygienic and psychophysiological factors affecting the students’health is a highly relevant issue. The paper reports hygienic and psychophysiological health risk factors in the second-year medical students. The study was aimed to assess the influence of psychophysiological and hygienic factors on the health status of 263 medical students. According to the polling data, complaints of asthenic and neurotic nature prevailed among the respondents. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory results showed that during the semester high state anxiety was found in 43% of the respondents. State anxiety increased more, than trait anxiety during the end of semester exams. Furthermore, the correlation between anxiety and the students’ academic load was revealed. Hygienic analysis of the students’ lifestyle revealed the following health risk factors: hypodynamia, spending large amounts of time on social media, inadequate sleep duration, harmful habits (smoking). Such hygienic factors of learning environment, as microclimate and luminosity, were assessed. It was found, that there was a strong positive correlation between air temperature in the classrooms and low students’ working capacity. We have proposed possible ways to improve socio-hygienic and psychological environment for maintenance and promotion of students’ health, which will result in the development of effective health preservation programs in educational institutions. Appropriately, such solutions will help ensure the students’ wellness and good working capacity, and will have a positive effect on the learning outcomes and further professional career.

Received: 2024-06-26

Published online: 2024-09-20

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.104

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VIEWS 1203

Kopylov AS, Popov VI

Morbidity among adolescents is a significant component of the overall morbidity in Russia, since this part of the population forms the potential of the country. Unfortunately, lately, the efforts to popularize healthy lifestyle and preventive measures, both of which entail decrease of the incidence of diseases in general, were insufficient. This study aimed to analyze the 10-year morbidity patterns among adolescents in Voronezh Oblast, rank pathologies, and compare the findings to the specifics of morbidity in Russia overall. We used statistical data describing diseases (types, incidence) affecting adolescents aged 15–17 in Voronezh Oblast and in Russia; the study covered the period from 2013 through 2022. The analysis of data for Voronezh Oblast revealed a number of classes of illnesses that exhibit significant growth and thus require special attention in the context of development of preventive measures and their implementation in educational establishments. We have also pinpointed the regions of the Central Federal District where, in the recent years, the incidence has been growing more rapidly than in others. The most significant rise of morbidity was registered in Voronezh Oblast. The region- and class-specific differences in the incidence of diseases should be factored in when implementing prevention campaigns and designing more detailed medical examination routines for the adolescents. Individual approach to each case plays an important part in slowing down the rate of morbidity, and it is crucial for the full realization of the potential of the respective efforts.

Received: 2024-07-03

Published online: 2024-09-19

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.103

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VIEWS 1310

Esaulenko IE, Samodurova NYu

Currently, the level of training of preventive medicine specialists has great practical importance: it shapes the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of not only individual regions, but the country as a whole. The talent foundry that raises such specialists in Voronezh Oblast, with proper qualifications, is the Preventive Medicine (PM) Faculty of the Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University (VSMU). This article reviews the key stages of establishment and evolution of preventive medicine there, analyzes the historiographical data and the accumulated experience as it is presented in the archives. The PM faculty of VSMU is one of the youngest in the university; it possesses high potential for development, and specialists with education in this field are sought-after in the modern society. Qualified researchers and professors, and a solid educational, methodological, and applied research base enable training of highly skilled hygienists and epidemiologists. Longitudinal and transverse collaborations within scientific communities allow sharing experiences and expansion of the boundaries of research-related interaction. The presented data emphasize the importance of training medical and preventive care professionals, given the variety of specialties and the need for specialists in this field whose qualifications meet the current requirements and the specifics of demand on the part of practical healthcare.

Received: 2024-08-02

Published online: 2024-09-19

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.102

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VIEWS 1435

Trubetskaya SR, Sazonova OV, Gavryushin MYu, Hamtsova RV, Tupikova DS, Frolova OV

Physical development in adolescence is one of the key aspects of the modern society’s well-being. Assessment of physical development in children and adolescents represents an essential component of the pediatric population health status estimation being a clear indicator of the impact of lifestyle, environment, and learningmprocess on the child’s body. The study was aimed to assess the dynamic changes of physical development indicators in the high school-age children in the Samara Region over a decade. The paper deals with the anthropometric data of physical development acquired in 2013 and 2023. A total of 476 children aged 14–16 years were examined (256 boys, 220 girls). Physical development assessment performed in the group of high school-age boys revealed significant changes. Boys of all ages examined in 2023 lagged behind their peers examined in 2013 in the number of individuals with harmonious physical development. Furthermore, a significantly greater number of children with disharmonious physical development due to excess body weight were revealed in 2023. The results yielded by assessing physical development in girls are slightly different: the today’s 14-year-old schoolgirls lag behind girls examined in 2013 in the size of population with harmonious physical development. The body height comparative analysis results have shown that the today’s schoolchildren do not lag behind their peers examined in 2013 in all gender-age groups (p > 0.05). A significant increase in the schoolchildrens’ body weight relative to 2013 is likely to result from the quarantine measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which made children stay at home for longer and reduced their physical activity.

Received: 2024-04-18

Published online: 2024-06-29

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.101

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VIEWS 1513

Ganuzin VM, Baraboshin AT, Serkova OV

The issue of weather sensitivity and meteotropic reactions in various population groups depending on the age, place of residence, professional features, and health status is relevant and inadequately covered in scientific literature. The study was aimed to assess weather sensitivity and meteotropic reactions in medical university students of various age groups. Polling of 243 students aged 17–18 and 23–24 years was performed using a tailored questionnaire consisting of 16 questions allowing one to detect weather sensitivity and meteotropic reactions in the respondents. Analysis of the data acquired showed that 53.7% of female and 16.7% of male first-year students had weather sensitivity (р < 0.001). Furthermore, 47.0% of surveyed first-year students and 67.0% of 5–6th-year students complained of various intermittent meteotropic reactions. In first-year students, meteotropic reactions were most often manifested in the decreased performance (76.6%), headache (74.6%), fatigue (70.2%). The weather-sensitive 5–6th-year students more often complained of the bouts of headaches (72.9%), decreased performance (66.7%), sleep disorders (31.2%), and muscle pain (49.6%). Meteotropic reactions occurred in 47.0–67.0% of the surveyed students of various age groups. Thus, when weather sensitivity is detected in students during the medical check-up, further prevention of the meteotropic reaction exacerbations should be tailored based on the medical weather forecasting.

Received: 2024-01-16

Published online: 2024-06-28

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.100

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VIEWS 1534

Ulianov IA, Nehaenko NE, Ostroushko NI, Meremyanin LV, Ulianova AV, Petrova TN, Sharapova YuA

The issues of damage to health related to the spread of nicotine product consumption are global. At the initiative of the Department of Healthcare Management, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, the organizational model of medical measures to overcome nicotine dependence involving formation of the smoking cessation groups among young adults, management and enlightment of the participants on the issues related to damage from nicotine dependence and free provision of the medicines facilitating smoking cessation was implemented. The study was aimed to assess the organizational model effectiveness based on the nicotine cessation rates of young adults. The model participants (42 individuals) were divided into three groups and provided free medicines: tablets containing cytisine in group 1, nicotine sprays in group 2, nicotine patches in group 3. The experiment was conducted for 30 days, during which three follow-up questionnaire surveys were performed. In the experiment, 31.7% of subjects stopped smoking completely, while the total positive effect bringing together those, who ceased smoking, and those, who reduced smoking, was 66.7%. Furthermore, the tablets containing cytisine turned out to be the most effective option. Thus, the study results obtained within the framework of the proposed organizational model can be considered useful in terms of further practical use. It can be recommended to include the model in the target program involving provision of medicines for treatment of nicotine dependence at the expense of the regional budget and attracted funds of enterprises and organizations.

Received: 2023-10-24

Published online: 2024-06-28

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.099

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VIEWS 1480

Chevzhik YuV, Milushkina OYu, Shemyakov SE, Skoblina NA, Samokhina AO

Currently, there is increasing number of overweight people all over the world. The increase in the incidence of depression among the population, especially among adolescents and young adults, has been reported. The study was aimed to determine the relationship between excess body weight and severity of depression in the young adult students taught at the initial courses in the medical university. The study involved 230 junior medical students (163 females and 67 males) having no chronic disorders. Body mass index (BMI) was determined in the subjects. The depression severity was defined using the Beck Depression Inventory. The analysis showed that the average BMI was 3.0 ± 3.9 AU in males and 22.0 ± 4.3 AU in females. The share of underweight male subjects was 7.5%, while the share of underweight females was 10.5%; 28.3% of males and 13.5% of female subjects had excess body weight and obesity of varying severity. No signs of depression were found in 66.0% of males and 61.0% of females. We revealed no significant correlation between BMI and depression.

Received: 2023-12-05

Published online: 2024-06-28

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.098

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VIEWS 1580

Shestera AA, Trankovskaya LV, Kaerova EV, Nagirnaya LN

Preserving the health of student youth is one of the state's priority tasks. The relevance of the issue results from the students’ health deterioration. The study was aimed to assess physical development in students of the medical higher educational instutution considering their lifestyle. We performed comparative assessment of physical development in 940 first-year students of the Pacific State Medical University. The source of information was primary medical documentation (form No. 025-CZ/u). Polling was used to assess the students’ lifestyle. The CHAID algorithm for decision trees was used in 2021 to estimate the effects of lifestyle on the indicators of physical development in students. It was found that the students’ body length decreased over 20 years. The chest circumference of students increased (p = 0.001). The right and left hand grip strength decreased (p < 0.001). A significant increase in the vital capacity was reported in males only (p = 0.007). We revealed the increase in the number of students with disharmonious physical development (by 9.4% in males and 15.3% in females) due to overweight, along with reduction of body weight by 12.5% in males. The risk factors of disharmonious physical development with the highest impact factor in males were as follows: the lack of vegetables in the diet and the use of social media and computer games during free time. In females, the risk factors were as follows: daily consumption of cereals, pasta, and bread and living apart from parents. The findings make it possible to estimate the risk factors of disharmonious physical development and determine the priority directions for the development of preventive measures for preservation of students’ health.

Received: 2023-10-27

Published online: 2024-06-28

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.097

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VIEWS 1518