Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Goncharova DG, Sokolova AI, Izotova LV

The article describes the possibility of using the data on the health status and lifestyle self-assessment obtained during the questionnaire survey of high school students in the teacher's preventive activities aimed at preserving and improving the schoolchildren's health. The main indicators that according to the respondents determine their quality of life have been revealed, and health status is ranked only third. It has been found that 40% of students consider their health to be “good”, while 53% currently do not worry about their health at all. Certain characteristics of physical activity, nutrition, sleep schedule, prevalence of bad habits in students attending schools of various types are provided. Despite high subjective assessment of physical activity, only 8% of schoolchildren do morning excercises every day, most of students do not attend sports sections. More than 40% of students sleep less than seven hours, which has a negative effect on the adolescents' health. Evidence has been obtained that 19% of schoolchildren have tried vaping and 13% vape regularly, which is definitely worrisome.

Received: 2022-12-20

Published online: 2023-02-27

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.061

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VIEWS 1222

The study objective is to assess awareness of medical college students about formation of reproductive health. 80 female students from a medical college were surveyed concerning formation of their menstrual function; this survey was followed by an interview of 126 female students and 81 male students from medical colleges about their awareness of reproductive health protection and attitude to hygienic education regarding this topic. Data were processed using Statistica 13.0 (StatSoft, USA). 83.8% girls had their periods between 11 and 14, whereas in 7.5% of girls they started at the age of 15 and older. During the interview, 22.5% of girls had an irregular menstrual cycle. The conducted study revealed an insufficient awareness of students from a medical college of reproductive health formation. It produces a negative effect on their own health and will prevent subsequent effective hygienic education of different categories of population as far as this issue goes.

Received: 2022-10-24

Published online: 2023-01-17

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.060

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VIEWS 877

Shikaleva AA, Shulaev AV, Titova SA, Ziatdinov AI

The problem of pediatric obesity focused on risk factors at early stages because their modification can reduce the risk of later metabolic diseases and disability. It is the metabolic syndrome that describes a set of cardiometabolic risk factors, including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, elevated blood pressure, high level of triglycerides and low level of high-density lipoproteins that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Obesity mainly determines statistical values that characterize the case with endocrine gland diseases among children and adolescents in the Republic of Tatarstan. Obesity is not growing at the same rate any more. The current level of excessive weight in children is too high and requires intervention at the level of the community and school. Inactivity and non-rational nutrition can contribute to formation of excessive body mass among children. Regular physical activity and better nutrition of adolescents is a worthy investment in the health of future generations.

Received: 2022-10-22

Published online: 2023-01-17

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.059

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VIEWS 759

Abdalova SR, Gavryushin MYu, Sazonova OV, Hamtsova RV, Tupikova DS, Frolova OV, Nurdina MS

Health of children and adolescents is an essential criterion of well-being of the society. Monitoring of health among children is impossible without assessment of physical development of children and adolescents. Individual-based analysis of anthropometric characteristics is required to develop personalized preventive activities. Considering different levels of physical load of schoolchildren in case of a disturbed nutritional status, an approach to body mass constituent study that deviates from the normal values requires examination. The study purpose was to assess physical development and component composition in schoolchildren during a medical examination and in children involved in classic swimming at a sports club in the city of Samara. The study object involved children studying at a general educational institution and not engaged in any sports sections (first group), and children involved in classic swimming at a sports club in Samara (second group. Significant differences in basic values of body composition were found during the conducted study of physical development and component composition of schoolchildren who do not go in for sports and junior athletes.

Received: 2022-10-23

Published online: 2023-01-13

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.058

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VIEWS 1420

Bronskih NA, Sharenko EM, Popova OS, Nasybulina GM

Assessment of lifestyle factors is a pressing issue with a high social and state value. Purpose of the study is to compare lifestyle factors of young men and young women who study at colleges. A cross-sectional sampling descriptive study was conducted in 2021–2022. 371 students from 2 colleges of various profiles aged 16 to 20 (25.4% of young men and 74.6% of young women) participated in the study. Socioeconomic indicators, regimen of nutrition, periodic consumption of basic products and dishes, taste preferences of students, compliance with sleep pattern, duration of self-preparation for lessons, physical exercises and sporting activities, creative hobbies and use of gadgets were examined. It has been established that the majority of young people live in favorable social conditions, over one-third of them stay away from their parents and other adult relatives. The majority of those interviewed estimate income of their families as an average, all families have at least one PC. The majority of students have eating disorders, peculiarities of dietary behavior, and violations of the regimen of the day such as insufficient sleep duration, high academic load, insufficient involvement in creative or social activity, low level of motor activity and walking, long-term use of PCs and other gadgets.

Received: 2022-10-21

Published online: 2023-01-13

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.057

Comments 0

VIEWS 1379

The article reviews publications devoted to the issue of optimization of nutrition of children and adolescents including school nutrition, various ways of formation of eating habits, succession of home and school nutrition, nutrition of children with alimentary-dependent diseases and children who go in for sports, quality of raw materials and products for school nutrition, and nutrition using new products. The information was searched for with eLIBRARY.RU, PUBMED, Web of Science and Scopus information portals and platforms from 2007 to 2021. Publications related to the issue were assessed while studying at school and during distance learning. Modern issues of nutrition of schoolchildren such as disturbances of alimentary behavior and underdeveloped skills of nutritional culture, dietary habits of schoolchildren with alimentary-dependent diseases and approaches to nutrition optimization at educational institutions are highlighted. The ways of prevention of alimentary-dependent diseases are estimated by way of inclusion of functional products into the diet of schoolchildren. Principal methodical and regulatory documents that can help reduce risks of alimentary-dependent diseases are mentioned. Pressing trends of researches regarding the reviewed topic were suggested to preserve health of schoolchildren as far as healthy nutrition goes.

Received: 2022-10-26

Published online: 2023-01-11

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.056

Comments 0

VIEWS 812

Nikityuk DB, Kobelkova IV, Korosteleva MM

Analysis of actual nutrition of athletes and its correspondence to energy expenditure seems relevant as a balanced diet produces a direct effect on physical endurance and professional performance of athletes. It is meaningful to estimate not just nutritional and energy value of the diet, but also a degree of diversity of basic groups of food products as sources of essential nutritional substances in the diet of athletes along with dietary fibers to optimize the gut microbiome diversity. Regular studies of actual nutrition conducted with certain time intervals and simultaneous assessment of biomarkers characterizing the alimentary status enable to trace their effect on professional performance, effectiveness of the training process, adequate restoration and health for every athlete and the whole team.

Received: 2022-10-24

Published online: 2022-12-29

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.055

Comments 0

VIEWS 771

Preservation and strengthening of health in the rising generation is declared as a key direction of the state policy in the Russian Federation. Systematic long-term influence of environmental factors, including mode of living and nutrition, on the processes of formation of health and physical development in children is currently taken as a pressing issue for the entire state, with regional peculiarities, specific to certain regions of Russia. The paper presents an analysis of modern Russian and foreign scientific literature regarding the influence of various environmental factors, conditions of training and education, basic components of the day regime and dietary habits on health of schoolchildren. Literature sources were searched through eLibrary, PubMed, Cyberleninka for the period from 2015 to 2022. In spite of the activities related to health protection of children and adolescents conducted by the state, official statistics and numerous studies display a continuous growth of the socalled school-associated morbidity. Analysis of historical data shows that effect of school and out-of-school factors on health of children and adolescents remains very pressing. Under these conditions, increased literacy of parents, teachers and children regarding hygienic education, formation of a healthy lifestyle and determination of managed sanitary and hygienic factors that can produce a positive influence on health and physical development of schoolchildren is given a great importance.

Received: 2022-07-24

Published online: 2022-12-10

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.054

Comments 0

VIEWS 702