Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Gaydina TA, Milushkina OYu, Skoblina NA, Ievleva OV

Infectious skin diseases significantly reduce the quality of life in people over the age of 60 and can be considered age-related due to involutive skin changes and aging of the body. Older people with a difference in the clinical picture of the disease from the classical manifestations are more susceptible to individual dermatoses. The elderly are most at risk of contracting scabies. The aim of the work is to analyze the awareness of people over the age of 60 about infectious skin diseases and their prevention measures. A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire in 2023−2025. The number of respondents over the age of 60 was 41 respondents, and all respondents were retirees in terms of social status. The study was conducted on the basis of Pirogov University and the Federal Medical Research Center of the FMBA of Russia, where, in case of hospitalization, patients were examined by a dermatovenerologist, and laboratory diagnostics were performed if infectious dermatoses were suspected. Some of the respondents did not demonstrate adherence to the principles of a healthy lifestyle: alcohol consumption is the highest among the risk factors for developing chronic noncommunicable diseases (75.0% for men and 40.0% for women). Respondents also note a high level of stress in daily life, 87.8%. The Internet is a source of information about a healthy lifestyle and the prevention of skin diseases for 34.1% of respondents. Among the surveyed respondents, there is a group of 20.0% who are insufficiently informed about "healthy skin" issues. Educating various groups of the population, increasing the level of medical literacy and medical activity can become a reserve for reducing the incidence rate and maintaining the incidence rate within controlled values.

Received: 2025-09-10

Published online: 2026-03-16

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.153

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VIEWS 740

Kuvshinova NM, Sokolova NV, Gubina OI, Karpukhina AV

Anxiety should be considered as impaired adaptation in a particular situation. It can negatively impact mental health, quality of life, overall well-being, and disrupt schoolchildren's education and development. The study aimed to assess how anxiety levels influence the academic achievement of today’s adolescents using psychodiagnostic tools. The researchers assessed levels of school-related, situational, and personal anxiety among ninth graders in Voronezh using the School Anxiety Test by B.N. Phillips and the Spielberger–Hanin Anxiety Scale, analyzing gender differences and the subsequent impact of anxiety on academic performance. Statistical methods were applied to the test data. The study found that most participating schoolchildren showed a normal level of anxiety. However, girls had higher levels than boys. As for the link between anxiety and academic performance, we did not identify an interconnection that, influenced by certain factors, may have a positive or a negative effect on the education-related productivity of adolescents. The results of this study complement the existing body of knowledge on the issue.

Received: 2025-10-02

Published online: 2026-03-06

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.152

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VIEWS 795

Rakhmanov RS, Bogomolova ES, Narutdinov DA, Razgulin SA, Shurkin DA

Environmental conditions and strenuous cognitive workload necessitate optimization of nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a predominantly plant-based product in improvement of the vitamin and mineral status of people engaged in intellectual labor. The formula for the product was developed after assessment of the said status and working conditions of the participants. The treatment group (n = 30) has been supplementing its diet with the product for 21 days, while the control group (n = 30) has not. The blood plasma levels of vitamins (B9 and B12, and 25(OH)D) and minerals (K, Na, ionized and total Ca, Fe, Mg, and P) were determined. By degree of strain, the considered occupations were classified as harmful strenuous work (class 3.2). Initially, the level of vitamin B9 in each group was in the "low−normal" zone. Through the experiment, in the treatment group it increased by 3.2−3.8%, while in the control group the said level dropped by 3.7−3.9%; the level of vitamin B12 increased by 36.7−46.7% and decreased in 23.3−36.7%, respectively, and that of 25(OH)D increased by 3.0% (p = 0.02) and decreased by 3.3% (p = 0.03). The level of ionized calcium in the treatment group increased by 7.0% (p = 0.001) and decreased by 50.0−53.3% in the control group. Iron levels increased by 3.1% in 80% of the treatment group participants (p = 0.04), and sodium levels increased by 0.9% (p = 0.04), which was 46.7−60.0% higher than the baseline values; in the control group, sodium levels dropped by 23.3−26.7%. No significant changes were recorded for the levels of K, total Ca, P, Mg, but at the level of individual indicators we observed multidirectional changes. Thus, the use of the multicomponent plant-based product demonstrates the promise of this approach for preventing vitamin and mineral deficiencies.

Received: 2025-06-25

Published online: 2026-03-03

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.151

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VIEWS 1060

Dementiev AA, Solovyev DA, Tsurgan AM, Kopaev IV, Osadets AYu

Systematic and purposeful campaigns designed to promote a healthy lifestyle among the youth are a strategic task for the healthcare system and the state in general. This study aimed to explore the hygienic features of the lifestyle of medical students. It involved 109 students of medical faculties aged 18-26 years, who participated in an anonymous online survey created in Yandex Forms in accordance with MR (methodical recommendations) 2.1.10.0033-11. We calculated the relative values and their confidence intervals, and the significance of the differences was assessed using the chi-square test (χ2) at p < 0.05. It was found that active smoking remains a significant behavioral risk among medical students, particularly males (27.3%). The majority of medical students do not engage in adequate levels of physical activity (64.2%) and do not get sufficient sleep at night (77.9%). As for the patterns of behavior in the context of medical assistance, those rather common among medical students are categorized as irresponsible: many visit a doctor only in case of serious symptoms of the disease (54.1%), undergo medical checkups in an untimely fashion (31.5%), do not follow doctor's instructions and stop course treatments early (37.6%), practice self-medication (85.3%), resort to traditional medicine (55.1%). Every fifth respondent did not follow the rules of hand washing, and 17.4% did not take daily care of their body. Unsafe forms of sexual behavior are typical for every fifth medical student. Thus, prevention and correction of the identified lifestyle risk factors hold significant potential for preserving the health of medical students.

Received: 2025-05-05

Published online: 2026-03-01

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2026.150

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VIEWS 699

Krylov VP

The persistently high rate of infectious diseases requires constant monitoring, in-depth analysis of age-related characteristics of the disease spread and dynamics, and also necessitates improving the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, specifically, children, adolescents, and their parents. The study aimed to to study epidemiological trends and identify the most vulnerable age groups among the pediatric population in the context of the incidence of key infections, such as acute intestinal infections (AIIs), enterovirus infection, viral hepatitis A, measles, whooping cough and enterobiasis. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of official statistical data over a seven-year period (2018−2024) was carried out covering the pediatric population of the Western Administrative Okrug (ZAO) of Moscow. Age differences in the structure of infectious morbidity have been determined. In children under one year, viral AIIs (rotavirus, norovirus) and airborne infections prevailed. A similar trend for viral AIIs is reported in children aged 1−2 years. High prevalence of enterobiasis is reported for children aged 3−6 years (attending preschool educational institutions), and a significant increase in the incidence of enterovirus infection and airborne infections is reported in all age groups, especially in school students and adolescents. As for the viral hepatitis A incidence, the situation remains stable throughout the assessed period in all age groups. High incidence of key infections among children persisting in all age groups demonstrates an urgent need for the development and implementation of the targeted and adapted hygiene education programs for pediatric population and parents.

Received: 2025-09-07

Published online: 2025-12-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.148

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VIEWS 1051

Bachina AV, Koskina EV, Glebova LA

Novokuznetsk and Kemerovo, major industrial centers in Kuzbass, participate in the "Clean Air" federal project. Since 2018 and 2023, respectively, they have been implementing Comprehensive Action Plans devised to decrease contaminating emissions and thus improve the quality of the air and the quality of life of the population. The Plans are part of the "Ecology" national project. This study aimed to hygienically assess the quality of atmospheric air as part of the implementation of the "Clean Air" federal project, which involves improving the air monitoring system in the industrial centers of Kuzbass. Hazard identification and assessment of exposure levels were performed using the methodology provided in MR (methodological recommendations) 2.1.6.0157-19. In Novokuznetsk, air pollutant emissions decreased by 18.1%, while in Kemerovo they increased by 12.4%. The atmospheric pollution index was rated as "extremely high" and "high", respectively. As part of the study, we evaluated the spatial relationship between stationary and route air quality monitoring stations, identified emission impact zones for major industrial complexes, assessed the rationality of observation point locations, and implemented the necessary adjustments. Improving air quality monitoring will make it possible to obtain adequate and timely information on air quality and develop measures to improve the living environment and public health.

Received: 2025-12-03

Published online: 2025-12-29

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.147

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VIEWS 2080

Libina II, Chernykh NYu, Melikhova EP, Skrebneva AV, Vasilieva MV, Zhuravleva IV

Currently, there is an increase in the consumption of caffeinated beverages, including coffee, in all age groups, including adolescents and young adults. The health risks associated with caffeine consumption are especially high in the youth, which results from the features of their physiological development and behavioral factors. For many age groups, including children, adolescents, and young adults, safe daily caffeine intake levels have not been established. The study aimed to perform hygienic assessment of coffee and caffeinated beverage consumption by medical students, as well as to determine possible health risks. A questionnaire survey of students of the medical and pediatric faculties (n = 300) was conducted using the standardized quastionnaire. Statistical data processing was performed using descriptive statistics, Student’s t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The findings highlight the heterogeneity of caffeine consumption patterns among students. Along with those who do not experience any noticeable effects from coffee, there is a significant group that experiences both positive (energy boost, calmness) and negative (tachycardia, sleep problems) consequences. The study found that frequent consumption of caffeinated beverages has a negative impact on the cardiovascular system and sleep. The regular consumption of those causes anxiety and leads to tolerance. The findings emphasize the relevance of the problem uncontrolled and early consumption of caffeine among young people. It is recommended to develop and implement the measures to inform the youth about safe levels of caffeine consumption.

Received: 2025-11-12

Published online: 2025-12-24

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.146

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VIEWS 1150

Khramtsov PI, Kurgansky AM, Berezina NO, Antonova EV, Krayeva AYu

A significant change in the lifestyle of modern children associated with the active use of digital devices in educational and leisure activities can affect their psychomotor development. The study aimed to assess the effect of using smartphones and computers on psychomotor function indicators in primary school students. A questionnaire survey of 333 parents of the 1−4-year students attending Zemskaya Gimnasia in Balashikha on issues of children's life was conducted. The students’ screen time when using a computer and smartphone throughout the day and week was estimated. To assess the students’ psychomotor functions, the Little House test and motometric test conducted by teachers were used. Assessment of the effect of computer use on psychomotor development indicators revealed a correlation. Thus, when using a computer, a deterioration in fine motor skills was noted; the correlation coefficient (r) for the parameters of visual-motor coordination and the duration of computer use per day was 0.320 (p = 0.002). The correlation coefficient for the duration of computer use and the primary school students’ final psychomotor development score was 0.235 (p = 0.028). The same result was obtained for the integrated assessment of fine motor skill development and its association with the duration of computer use per day: r = 0.253 (p = 0.025). However, there was no correlation between screen time when using a smartphone and psychomotor functions. The findings can be used in the development and justification of preventive technologies to prevent the negative impact of digital devices on the development of psychomotor functions in children, especially at the initial stage of systematic education.

Received: 2025-08-01

Published online: 2025-12-23

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.145

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VIEWS 792