Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Zaitseva NV, Fadeev AG, Goryaev DV, Zemlyanova MA, Peskova EV, Galiulina AV, Zakharinskaya ON, Bulatova NI

Exposure to harmful and dangerous factors at ore mining facilities poses health risks to workers that are associated with prolonged exposure to airborne chemicals in the work area. Realized, these risks undermine physical condition of people doing key ore mining jobs underground. Relying on the target protein analysis, this study aimed to assess the job-related harm to the health of ore mining workers resulting from exposure to metals airborne in the work zone. The participants were involved in copper-nickel ores mining. To evaluate the impact of metals from the working zone air on their health, we conducted chemical, proteomic, statistical, and bioinformatic analyses on the collected samples and data. With the mean per-shift exposure to metals of up to 0.2 mg/m³ (up to 4 times the MPC), the blood supernatant concentrations of cobalt, chromium, nickel, copper, and manganese increased by 1.4 to 2.6 times in the study group compared to the control group. Comparison of proteomics datasets revealed 33 significantly different protein spots. In 15 of them, the change in intensity was related to the increased concentration of the considered metals in the supernatant. Identification and analysis of proteins from these spots revealed their association with impairments in the functions of the nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. The identified proteins were involved in the development of oxidative stress, metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Proteomic analysis improves the prediction and early prevention of occupational adverse outcomes among the ore mining industry workers.

Received: 2025-05-26

Published online: 2025-06-25

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.132

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VIEWS 420

Kaminer DD, Selezneva MA, Kozelsky AS

Occupational burnout (OB) negatively affects the quality of medical care provided. The subject of occupational hygiene among medical students combining studying and work has not been investigated sufficiently. This study explores OB in medical university students and general practitioners who actively use information and communication technologies in their daily activities. The goal was to look into the features of OB in these cohorts, identify the main risk factors, and give burnout prevention and mitigation recommendations. We examined 140 general practitioners (94 females, 46 males) aged 27–75 years (mean age 46.16 years [95% CI: 35.49−56.83]). As for students, the participants were from the Pirogov University, 39 female and 25 male, aged 20-25 years (mean age 22.42 years [95% CI: 22.23–22.61]). To assess the risks of burnout, we used the Boyko questionnaire and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The survey revealed clinically significant signs of OB in 96% of general practitioners and 16% of working students. According to the MBI's emotional exhaustion subscale the corresponding scales of the Boyko questionnaire, OB was significantly more prevalent among working students than among their peers who did not work (mean MBI scores 14.6 [95% CI: 10.8–18.4] and 12.7 [95% CI: 8.34–17.06], respectively, p = 0.00362; mean Boyko questionnaire scores 89.1 [95% CI: 72.9--105.3] and 74.7 [95% CI: 69.8–79.6], respectively, p < 0.00001)). Both tools show the clinical signs of OB to be significantly more severe among general practitioners than in the cohort of working students (p < 0.00001). It has been proven that students who combine work and study face a higher risk of OB due to increased academic and additional workloads, along with elevated stress levels.

Received: 2025-04-01

Published online: 2025-06-23

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.131

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VIEWS 423

Reshetnikova IO, Markelova SV, Darishchev SA

Due to the development of digital technologies and their growing availability to all categories of the population, the age of children who regularly use electronic devices decreases. This article summarizes the results of the studies investigating the use of electronic devices by preschool children and describes the role of parents in organizing this type of activity for them. The data were collected from papers published from 2017 through 2024 and available in eLibrary, CyberLeninka, and PubMed. The analysis of the data revealed that most parents lack the skills needed to teach children to use electronic devices safely, and their awareness of the associated health disorders and preventive measures is insufficient. Therefore, the experience of using electronic devices by children, including preschoolers, may be negative, which necessitates efforts aimed at counseling parents and educating them about digital safety and the rules of controlling the relationship of their children with such devices.

Received: 2024-12-22

Published online: 2025-06-19

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.130

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VIEWS 450

Prokhorov PYu

Young adults suffer from high educational load when studying at the medical university. University training proceeds under the dynamically changing conditions. Psychological discomfort, low physical activity, noncompliance with the principles of rational nutrition, harmful habits can negatively affect both students’ physical health and their academic performance. The review of scientific papers published in the international and Russian databases, E-Library, PubMed, Cyberleninka, in 2019–2024 is provided. Analysis of the papers will allow us to choose the best health preservation practices. Information about the correlation between behavioral factors, academic performance and health of medical students is essential for prevention programming. The development of exercises considering personal preferences in physical activity can positively affect academic performance, reduce psycho-emotional discomfort, thereby reducing the risk of professional burnout after graduation from the university.

Received: 2024-11-01

Published online: 2025-06-18

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.129

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VIEWS 462

Kamenev VI, Popov VI, Stepkin YuI

To make managerial decisions on the prevention of occupational and morbidity, it is necessary to track how health status of the working population depends on the degree of occupational risk. This study aimed to identify the features of the long-term dynamics of occupational morbidity at the level of production facilities (various industries) in the Voronezh region. The assessment of the level of occupational pathology was based on the type of economic activity, the administrative-territorial affiliation of the region's constituent, nosological forms, and factors of the workflow. We have identified the main patterns of occupational morbidity dynamics; in 2021−2022, its growth was primarily driven by the biological factor. With the companies/establishments being unready to face the new occupation-related risk factors, there emerge previously unregistered occupational morbidities that largely incapacitate the affected individuals.

Received: 2025-03-14

Published online: 2025-06-18

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.128

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VIEWS 454

Sokolovskaya AV, Kazaeva OV, Kuchumov VV, Gruzdev EE

College students spend most of their time in educational institutions. The quality of the college internal environment has a significant impact on the students' health, performance, and well-being. In terms of hygiene, the most significant are the microclimate parameters and lighting in classrooms. The study aimed to evaluate the major parameters of microclimate and lighting in classrooms and compare these with the subjective assessment of learning conditions by students obtained by conducting a questionnaire survey. A total of 369 adolescents studying at the Protection in Emergency Situations faculty and mastering the profession of rescue technician took part in the survey. The study has shown that hygienic conditions in the educational institution, specifically microclimate in classrooms, have a significant effect on the students’ well-being and performance. It is important to comply with the standards for microclimate parameters in classrooms and to carry out timely measures for renovation and improvement of educational institutions to prevent health problems and deviations.

Received: 2024-11-08

Published online: 2025-06-16

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.127

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VIEWS 491

Novikova II, Zubtsovskaya NA

Both in Russia and abroad, physical activity, screen time, and nighttime sleep are considered important and controllable daily routine factors that influence a schoolchild's general physical and mental state and health. This study aimed to explore the specifics of the daily routine of schoolchildren living in different regions of the Russian Federation (RF). We analyzed data collected by surveying schoolchildren and their parents in the context of implementation of the "Strengthening Public Health" Federal Project in 2023-2024; the data the described durations of some regular activities in the daily routines of the 2nd, 5th, and 10th grade schoolchildren living in the Russian Federation (n = 254,881). Russian schoolchildren are in school for an average of 5-7 hours every day (86.3% [95% CI: 86.2–86.4]). The proportion of children who comply with the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) and engage in physical activity for at least 60 minutes per day was 58.5% [95% CI: 58.3–58.7]. It was established that the share of children practicing physical activity in sufficient amounts decreases with progression through the grades. For a significant proportion of children, the duration of their nighttime sleep is insufficient (86% [95% CI: 85.78–86.22] of 2nd grade schoolchildren, 23.3% [95% CI: 23.14-23.58] of fifth graders, and 49.2% [95% CI: 48.8–49.6] of 10th grade schoolchildren). The analysis allowed identifying the regions of the Russian Federation where the greatest shares of children whose daily routines are inadequate. Thus, it can be noted that, despite an average workload at school, a significant number of Russian schoolchildren do not use their free time optimally in terms of physical activity and adequate sleep.

Received: 2024-11-02

Published online: 2025-06-16

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.126

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VIEWS 437

Golubeva MI, Sheina NI, Bidevkina MV, Bobrineva IA, Fedorova EA

Agidol-1 belongs to non-enzymatic antioxidants and represents a synthetic vitamin E analogue, it is widely used in chemical and food industries, livestock production, cosmetology, perfumery and pharmaceutical production. The increase in its production is a prerequisite for creating optimal working conditions for employees and developing the currently not existing hygienic standard of the tentative safe exposure level (OBUV) in workplace air. The study aimed to develop and substantiate agidol-1 OBUV in workplace air through experimental study of toxicity and hazard. We studied toxicity, irritant, skin-resorptive effects and hazard of agidol-1 concentrations of 24.7 and 67.8 mg/m3 after a single inhalation. Integrated indicators and functional indicators of some organs and systems were assessed in rats after inhalation. It has been shown that based on toxicometry data (DL50) after a single intragastric injection to mice agidol-1 is a moderately dangerous substance (hazard class 3), while when administered to rats it is a slightly dangerous substance (hazard class 4). The substance has no irritant effect on the rabbit ocular mucosa and skin, it does not possess skin-resorptive or cumulative activity. Inhalation of agidol-1 concentrations of 24.7 and 67.8 mg/m3 has no toxic effect on the nervous, carviovascular, and respiratory systems, it does not alter peripheral blood composition and biochemical parameters of blood serum and urine. The lack of agidol-1 harmful effects in the study, availability of MPC levels in ambient air for the Agidol brand substances with the chemical composition similar to that of agidol-1 and hygienic standards for agidol-1 in different countries have made it possible to substantiate OBUV for production facilities of 10 mg/m3, aerosol, hazard class 4.

Received: 2024-09-01

Published online: 2025-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.125

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VIEWS 1179