Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Gavrikova AA, Dementiev AA, Solovyev DA, Tsurgan AM, Paramonova VA, Korshunova EP

The quality of drinking water is one of the key factors defining the health of the population. The risk-based approach is one of the most effective drinking water quality assessment and control tools. This study aimed to make a comparative integral assessment of the quality of drinking water from a centralized water supply system in residential areas of Ryazan based on chemical safety indicators. We have considered organoleptic, non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, and compiled an integral assessment based on MR 2.1.4.0032-11. The drinking water quality monitoring data used for the assessment came from the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Ryazan Region, and covered years 2017 through 2022. Identifying the hazards, we relied on the above-norm spikes in drinking water quality indicator values registered during the specified period. The maximum figures used to calculate the organoleptic risks had 98% confidence interval, while that for the data enabling non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk assessments was 95% (nonthreshold models), the said data reflecting the average long-term concentrations. The uncertainties inherent in the risk assessment stem from the limited list of indicators controlled in drinking water. In all residential districts of the city of Ryazan, the integral indicator (II) of the level of hazard of drinking water from the centralized water supply system exceeds the acceptable values, with the said level being the highest in Solotcha (II = 8.8) and Kanishchevo (II = 5.6). In all districts of the city, the indicator is largely shaped by the high organoleptic risk, which points to the need for respective mitigation measures.

Received: 2024-10-28

Published online: 2025-03-16

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.119

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VIEWS 517

Stepanov EG, Masyagutova LM, Shaykhlislamova ER, Sadrtdinova GR, Vlasova NV, Rafikova LA, Muzafarova AR, Valeeva LR

Today, the world medical community and the World Health Organization share an understanding of health as the most important right of every person and nation. Unfortunately, the level of occupational morbidity in healthcare significantly exceeds that in other sectors of the economy. In 2012-2017, about 30% of all the professional diseases diagnosed were registered in healthcare workers. We have searched for foreign and Russian papers covering this subject in various databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka, and RSCI. During the search, we paid special attention to the PubMed database. Summarizing the current data on working conditions and health indicators of healthcare professionals published in the papers, it is necessary to identify several key areas that are particularly relevant: harmful aspects associated with professional activities as factors raising occupational morbidity; lifestyle of healthcare workers and the prevalence of non-communicable diseases; and professional burnout, with the consequences thereof for the health and mental state of the medical professionals. The topic of their health and the conditions they work in is considered urgent and relevant in the scientific circles. The conducted studies confirm that healthcare workers face unique factors that can negatively affect their health and well-being.

Received: 2024-05-27

Published online: 2025-03-09

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2025.118

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VIEWS 446

Fertikova TE, Komissarova OV, Sapina AE, Trofimova AS

Currently, studying the quality and style of life of students is an urgent task due to the need to improve the demographic situation and increase the intellectual potential of the country. This article presents an analysis of the quality of life of medical and humanitarian specialties students of Voronezh universities. We sought to compare these parameters based on the data collected with the help of the SF-36 survey and the HPLP (Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile) questionnaire. The study involved 262 students of the Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Voronezh State University and Voronezh branch of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics aged 18–25 years. We revealed significant differences between educational institutions in a number of key indicators, which highlights the importance of factoring in the specifics of the educational environment when designing health preservation programs for students. According to the results of the survey (SF-36), humanitarian specialties students self-assessed their health better then future medical professionals (median values 70 points vs. 65 points, respectively), same as physical activity and nutrition, as shown by the HPLP questionnaire (20.5 points vs. 18 points and 24 points vs. 23 points, respectively). The resulting data revealing the differences in the quality and lifestyle of students can be used in the development of health and wellbeing improvement recommendations for students, and in the design of comprehensive physical and mental health preservation programs.

Received: 2024-07-09

Published online: 2024-12-27

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.117

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VIEWS 682

Zadorozhnaya NA, Dubkova NV, Domozhilova AA, Petrochenko DE

Monitoring and studying nutritional status is an important stage in the planning of dietary and metabolic support program for figure skaters. However, currently, there is no comprehensive approach to the assessment of this status that would have factored in the specifics of the given sport. In this regard, this study aimed to update the comprehensive figure skaters nutritional status assessment program. We invited male (n = 13) and female (n = 19) students of the Lesgaft National University, aged 19–20 years, to participate in the study; they all specialize in figure skating. At the first stage, we measured the subjects' anthropometric parameters (body mass index, body fat percentage), clinical indicators (based on the results of the health complaints survey), and speed of dark adaptation. The measurements have shown that the values of body mass index and body fat percentage were normal in all participants for their age. The survey revealed indirect signs of dietary deficiencies, in particular, insufficient amounts of vitamins A, C, P, and B1. To make the nutritional status check more informative, we suggest completing the program with functional testing (general and special standards) involving registration of the dynamics of the respective indicators, and bioelectrical impedance analysis to learn body composition.

Received: 2024-07-08

Published online: 2024-12-26

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.116

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VIEWS 625

Khramtsov PI, Kurgansky AM, Berezina NO, Chekalova SA, Antonova EV

Health of children and adolescents largely depends on the quality of their sleep. However, the effect of digital devices and screen time on thereon have not been studied thoroughly. This study aimed to investigate the influence of digital devices on the sleep quality of primary school children. We surveyed 333 parents of children aged 7–10 years. The questionnaire included questions about the types of digital devices used by children, and frequency and duration of use daily and weekly use. We studied the specifics and quality of sleep of children. It was found that using a laptop for more than an hour a day increases the risk of sleep disorders (RR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.37–2.54; EF = 46%). Children using a computer every day run a higher risk of nightmares (RR = 4.7; 95% CI: 1.49–15.11; EF = 79%). Neither TV, nor mobile phones were shown to produce such effects. The study has revealed that the type of the device and the patterns of its use (on both daily and weekly levels) are factors in the development of sleep disorders.

Received: 2023-12-07

Published online: 2024-12-25

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.115

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VIEWS 1479

Golovleva AA, Korsakov AV, Troshin VP, Milushkina OYu, Pivovarov YuP, Korolik VV, Lagerev DG

Radioactive and chemical contamination can affect carcinogenesis, including the development of malignant neoplasms of the ovaries (MNOs) in women. The study aimed to perform comparative assessment of environmental situation in the towns and districts of the Bryansk Region based on chemical, radioactive, and combined radioactive contamination, as well as primary incidence of MNOs in women in accordance with official statistics for the years 2000–2019. The data for the study were provided by the Bryansk Regional Oncology Dispensary, Bryanskstat, Rostekhnadzor, Rospotrebnadzor. Neither significant differences in primary incidence of MNOs, nor increased risk of MNO were revealed in female population aged 18–80 years, regardless of the environmental conditions of living in 2000–2019. We revealed a significantly elevated relative risk (RR) of primary incidence of low-grade MNOs in women aged 41–60 years living in the environmentally disadvantaged areas compared to women living in the control areas: RR 1.88 (95% CI: 1.43–2.48); p < 0.0001). The rate of low-grade MNOs in women aged 41–60 years in the areas of the combined exposure is 17.6 ± 1.96, which 1.5-fold exceeds the values reported for radioactively contaminated areas (11.7 ± 2.73) and 1.2-fold exceeds the values reported for chemically contaminated areas (15.2 ± 1.31). The combined effects of radioactive and chemical contamination results in the higher RR of low-grade MNOs compared to the areas with only one pollution factor, i.e. radioactive contamination (RR 1.51 (95% CI: 1.00–2.28)), chemical contamination (RR 1.17 (95% CI: 0.90–1.50)). The findings suggest synergistic effect of radiation and chemical factors on the incidence of low-grade MNOs.

Received: 2023-11-08

Published online: 2024-12-24

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.114

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VIEWS 686

Gavrikova AA, Dementiev AA, Solovyev DA, Tsurgan AM, Paramonova VA, Korshunova EP, Sharov AA

Drinking water occupies one of the leading places among environmental factors responsible for shaping public health, so providing sanitary-and-epidemiologic wellbeing of the population cannot be considered separately from solving the hygienic problem of water supply. The study aimed to provide comparative hygienic characteristics of the quality of drinking water from the Ryazan centralized water supply system based on organoleptic indicators. Comparative assessment of the quality of drinking water was performed based on the analysis of the data of the years of research for the years 2017–2022. We performed analysis of the long-term average annual values of odor at 20 ºС and 60 ºС, taste, color and turbidity, share of samples non-compliant with the hygienic standards, over time. Inidicators were also assessed based on the season of the year and territorial belonging. The average indicator values were compared using analysis of variance; pairwise comparison involved the use of the Scheffe and Tamhane tests considering the Levene’s test results. Confidence intervals of the relative indicators were determined based on the Wilson score. The long-term average annual values of organoleptic indicators of the quality of drinking water in Ryazan are compliant with SanPiN 1.2.3685-21. A small number of samples had odor, taste, and color exceeding the hygienic standards. Turbidity that was non-compliant with the hygienic requirements in 2.2% of samples and reached the maximum value of 16.4 mg/L (kaolin) should be considered the most challenging indicator of the quality of test drinking water.

Received: 2024-05-17

Published online: 2024-12-07

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.113

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VIEWS 917

Eliseev YuYu, Chekhomov SYu, Eliseeva YuV

Current approach to sanitary and hygienic measures in various parts of the national health care system should create new challenges aimed at practical prevention in the context of the safety of people from the environmental carcinogenic factors. The effective Russian SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 regulates hygienic requirements for the safety of environmental factors for humans; inter alia, the documents lists biological carcinogens and carcinogenic lifestyle factors. The efforts of sanitary specialists in general and employees of Rospotrebnadzor in particular aimed at prevention of harmful impact of the existing carcinogenic factors shall be more effective if the available information on the potentially dangerous biological agents of carcinogenesis is more complete. This paper reviews the modern sanitary and hygienic aspects of carcinogenic factors of biological nature, and describes the causes of oncological diseases caused by them as well as the respective prognosis. Viruses, bacteria and trematodes, whose participation in the occurrence and development of a specific cancer is an established fact, are posed as etiological agents of the carcinogenic hazard biological factors present for a human being.

Received: 2024-04-22

Published online: 2024-12-02

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.112

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VIEWS 654