Original research Specifics of the daily time budget of Vladivostok higher school students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Gritsina OP, Yatsenko AK, Trankovskaya LV, Tarasenko GA, Istomin SD
In 2020, the spread of the new coronavirus infection made the education system change significantly, the changes emergency by nature. This could not but affect lifestyle and health of students. This report presents the results of an investigation aimed at studying (hygienic assessment) the peculiarities of the daily time budget of Vladivostok students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Six hundred and thirty four students (years 1 through 4, aged 18 through 24) filled the questionnaires and thus reported on their educational activity, sleep, physical activity, nutrition. It was found that smartphone was the favorite e-learning tool among the respondents, with 5.84±0.93% of them having it is the only means of communication. Distance learners, compared with those studying in-person, significantly more often exceeded hygienic recommendations prescribing time limitations for continuous work with a computer/laptop (39.39±2.21% versus 28.47±3.76% χ2=5.69, p=0.018). Also, the former have significantly more often exceeded the 7-8 hour night sleep time (15.92±1.65% versus 6.94±2.12%, χ2=7.49, p=0.007). It was established that among students studying online there were significantly fewer people eating once (9.8±1.34% versus 24.31±3.57%, χ2=20.59, p<0.001) and shortly before sleep (52.24±2.26% versus 64.58±3.99%, χ2=6.85, p=0.009). Distance learners significantly more often went for a walk than those who attended full-time classes (56.73±2.24% versus 29.86±3.81%, χ2=8.32, p=0.004). Thus, distance learning allowed continuing the educational process itself, however, it changed the usual regimes and forced redistribution of the time costs.
Received: 2021-03-17
Published online: 2021-04-16
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.005
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VIEWS 1472
Original research Actual nutrition of school students during distance education in connection with COVID-19
Tapeshkina NV, Koskina EV, Pochueva LP, Popkova LV, Vlasova OP, Sitnikova EM
Healthy diet has a complex protective impact on physical well-being, it ensures optimal functioning of all processes in the child’s body, especially during the pandemic. Рurpose of the study: to assess actual dietary intake in secondary school students during remote learning due to COVID-19 quarantine and restrictive measures. Descriptive study aimed to assess actual dietary intake in 5th and 6th grade secondary school students aged 12-13 was carried out; the students lived in different mono-cities of Kemerovo region, and their parents had approved their participation in the study. Actual dietary intake was assessed using the 24-hour dietary recall (n=40). Comparison of the diet composition qualitative and quantitative characteristics was carried out based on the current sanitary regulations, as well as the latest issue of the Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety guidelines. Insufficient intake of fish and seafood, eggs, milk and dairy products, vegetables, fruit, and juices was revealed in children. The daily diet included excessive amounts of bakery products, pasta, sausage products, confectionery products, and sugar. Energy value of the diet in secondary school students exceeded physiological requirements recommended during quarantine. The diet was unbalanced in terms of micronutrient content: along with sufficient contribution of protein and carbohydrates to the total calorie value, the excessive amount of fat together with insufficient amount of vegetable fat was detected. The eating pattern shaped during homestay lead to insufficient intake of micronutrients (vitamins В1, В2, РР, А), as well as to imbalanced intake of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and sodium. The study has shown that the diet of secondary school students staying at home due to quarantine does not confirm with healthy eating principles and is not rational in terms of the food product set.
Received: 2021-03-16
Published online: 2021-04-12
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.004
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VIEWS 1568
Original research Nutritional status and risk of obesity in working-age men
Efimova NV
The aim of this study was to estimate the energy content, macronutrient intake and their impact on the somatometric parameters in older working-age men. A total of 284 men included in the study were asked to fill out the questionnaire and underwent a physical examination. Dietary patterns were studied using a 24h recall method. The following measurements were taken: body height and weight, waist and hip circumference.  BMI was calculated. The participants were divided into 3 groups by the level of their physical activity (PA): low PA (energy expenditure 2300≤PA<2700 kcal/day), moderate PA (2700≤PA<3100), high PA (3100≤PA<4000). Of all study participants, 22.3% had normal BMI, 31.7% were generally obese, and 27.1% had abdominal obesity. Individuals with abdominal obesity made up 93.3±3.7% of the general obesity group.  On average, energy intake was within the reference range for 60.3±2.9% of the participants, was higher than recommended in 21.7±2.4% of cases and below the recommended level in 17.9±2.3% of cases. The risk of obesity for individuals whose dietary energy intake exceeded the recommended levels was ОR=1.9 [1.05-3.67], χ2=2.7; р=0.05. The diet of subjects with BMI ≥ 30 had higher protein, cholesterol and starch content than in other groups. The high PA group was at risk of abdominal and general obesity (OR=3.6 [1.5-7.7], р=0.005 and OR=3.6 [1.5-7.7], р=0.005, respectively). In the low PA group, increased BMI was observed in 47.4±3.4% of the subjects, and 12.3±5.8% had abdominal obesity. Our findings may be useful for developing nutritional guidelines for the working-age population.
Received: 2021-03-15
Published online: 2021-04-09
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.003
Comments 0
VIEWS 1440
Original research Simulation game to educate medical students about healthy lifestyle
Milushkina OYu, Skoblina NA, Markelova SV, Fedotov DM, Kaminer DD, Ievleva OV, Savchuk PO
The aim of this study was to provide a rationale for and to assess the effectiveness of a simulation game in educating medical students who take a course in hygiene-related disciplines about the healthy use of electronic devices. The game was designed by the Department of Hygiene and focused on teaching skills for healthy use of ED. The game was a roleplay simulation, in which students played the role of doctors educating various populations (preschoolers, schoolers, college and higher institution students) about good hygiene practices. The study recruited 220 healthcare workers and 256 medical students. Inclusion criteria: informed consent to participate; submitting a properly completed questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted in Statistica 13.0. Of all the healthcare workers participating in the study, 30.0% did not have skills for using electronic devices healthily. The students gave 6.1±0.09 points out of 10 to their commitment to a healthy lifestyle and 5.6±0.12 points out of 10 to their willingness to educate their patients about healthy living. The proposed simulation game helps medical students to develop universal and generic professional competencies needed to lead and promote a healthy lifestyle. The game improves motivation to study, ensures better visibility of learning materials and opens up opportunities for creativity and initiative.
Received: 2021-03-16
Published online: 2021-04-09
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.002
Comments 0
VIEWS 1468
Original research Readiness of students of a medical university to use distance learning technologies
Milushkina OYu, Popov VI, Skoblina NA, Markelova SV, Fedotov DM, Ievleva OV
This study aimed to assess the readiness of students of a medical university to use distance learning technologies. The specialists of the Department of Hygiene of Pediatric Faculty at the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University developed online questionnaires. The study involved 508 people studying at the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University and the Northern State Medical University. The data obtained were processed with Statistica 13.0. Forty-five percent of the respondents stated their electronic device use skill was "high", while 53% considered it to be "basic". Seventeen percent of the students noted that they were stressed out. Following factors could have caused the stress reactions: 22.0% of the respondents reported that they had worsened interpersonal relationships with their fellow students, 23.4% saw their relations with professors deteriorating, 13.0% noted their health has gone worse. The most common (91.9% of cases) learning quality control method applied relied on online tests. In 41.5% of cases, the tests were followed by an interview with the professor. This pattern of learning quality control was appreciated by 74.4% of the respondents. The score given by the respondents to the teaching staff for their performance was 3.9±0.04 points out of 5; the total number of negative opinions given was 30.0%. The study revealed medical university students to be highly ready to use distance learning technologies. Careful attention should be paid to identifying individuals who have difficulties with adapting to the use of distance learning technologies, as well as to work aimed at development of students' health preservation competencies that are useful in both in-person and distance learning scenarios.
Received: 2021-03-25
Published online: 2021-04-08
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.001
Comments 0
VIEWS 1485