Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Zakharova AA, Astashkevich EV, Popov MV, Skoblina EV

The study was aimed to define the female students’ awareness of the reproductive health protection issues. A survey was conducted in 2021–2022 in order to study the onset of menstrual cycles and age at menarche in 372 female students of medical and non-medical universities and colleges of the Central Federal District. The survey of 530 female students concerning their knowledge about the reproductive health protection issues and their attitude towards sexuality education for children and adolescents was also conducted. Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software package (StatSoft, USA). Insufficient knowledge about the reproductive health protection issues among students was reported: the contingency coefficient for the presence of real menstrual disorder and the students’ belief of having problems was low (Pearson contingency coefficient = 0.31, р ≤ 0.05).

Received: 2022-01-21

Published online: 2022-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.038

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VIEWS 1836

Savchuk PO, Milushkina OYu

Volunteering is becoming an integral part of life of people of different age. Volunteers can currently be met in every sphere of life. The phenomenon of readiness to free aid is particularly evident in healthcare. Schoolchildren, students and young specialists participate in this process. The purpose of the article is to systematize and represent the modern stage of medical volunteering development as part of volunteer activities and social phenomenon that can be formed with the help of a favorable environment and measures of support at the state, industry-specific and regional levels. Volunteer activity can serve as a good tool of sanitary education of citizens and volunteers.

Received: 2022-01-19

Published online: 2022-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.037

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VIEWS 1704

Levushkin SP, Zhukov OF, Skoblina NA, Skoblina EV

The aim of the study is to establish a trend in the body mass index of schoolchildren in different regions of the country. The study was carried out in 2021 as part of the all-Russian monitoring of the physical development of schoolchildren aged 7–17 years (the number of boys - 30,965, the number of girls - 33,290). The statistical software package Statistica 13 PL has been used for data processing. BMI indicators have been established for Russian schoolchildren. Some regional differences in BMI indicators and the influence of the organization of medical support factor in the region have been shown. The Pearson correlation coefficients between the BMI of schoolchildren and the availability of doctors and nurses per 10,000 of population were -0.63 and -0.39 (p ≤ 0.05). The age and gender standards for BMI for Russian schoolchildren have been updated. A trend towards higher BMI rates in various subjects of the Russian Federation has been revealed, which may be due, among other things, to indicators characterizing the organization of the medical population in the region.

Received: 2022-01-17

Published online: 2022-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.036

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VIEWS 1725

Eliseeva YuV, Ratushnaya NSh, Dubrovina EA

Healthcare professionals deal with the greatest prevalence of burnout syndrome (BS). The object of this paper is to study the effect of psychological climate and working conditions on risks of burnout in a team of healthcare professionals. Working conditions of 136 healthcare workers from the Saratov region who underwent little training were examined according to Regulation 2.2006–05. The level of burnout was estimated in accordance with the method of V. V. Boyko, and the psychological climate in a team was analyzed using A. F. Fiedler’s questionnaire. The results were processed with the help of Microsoft Еxcel 10 for Windows. Based on the research results, the BS signs were recorded in 52.3% of healthcare workers. Physical and emotional symptoms were predominant BS signs. Factors predisposing to BS in healthcare workers have been determined. It is established that there is a dependence between a harmful factor of working conditions and probable BS. The dependence acquires significance at 3.2 level of working conditions. It is determined that the risk of BS was 74.3% in the most unfavorable psychological climate, and didn’t reach 21% if the climate was favorable.

Received: 2022-01-20

Published online: 2022-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.035

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VIEWS 1982

The purpose of our research was to provide a general hygienic assessment of an effect produced by labor conditions on quality of life dependent on the prevalence rate of parameters that form the voice pathology, and to develop prevention recommendations. The interrelation between objective complaints and diagnosed voice pathologies was examined. 224 teachers aged ≥ 38 y. o. who participated in the study were selected based on subjective complaints and objective data. Two examined groups of teachers were formed during the preliminary survey. The first control group consisted of 30 healthy non-smoking men and 70 women. The second group included 26 men and 98 women with different voice disorders. 79% of those surveyed had voice disorders (dysphonia), and 28% had aphonia, which occurred in those surveyed 2–5 times during the academic year. Over 70% of teachers from the second group lost their voice strength, 61% complained of periodically occurring hoarse and husky voice, one third (32%) had dry cough, every fourth person (24%) complained of decreased voice pitch. The extraordinary majority of teachers (77%) associated their voice distortion with a great professional vocal load. Remote results obtained at six months after the therapeutic and preventive course of Homeovox in teachers of higher educational institutions with a voice pathology significantly confirmed life quality improvement.

Received: 2022-01-19

Published online: 2022-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.033

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VIEWS 1637

Tarasov AV, Rakhmanov RS, Bogomolova ES, Skoblina NA, Ievleva OV

Students belong to a special medical and social group. A risk of health disturbances is typical of this community. It is associated with the influence of various habitat and educational factors. The most significant factors have been determined based on the analysis of literature data. It is about high levels of stress and depression due to low physical activity, high level of psychoemotional stress during lessons and examination periods, irrational and irregular nutrition, social adaptation to a new habitat, which is often accompanied by acclimatization while moving for educational purposes, disorders of sleep and rest, harmful habits. Significant areas of development of self-preserving technologies for students were determined based on the obtained data. They can include as follows: examination of morbidity risk factors due to the educational period (from the first to the last educational year), assessing the effect of weather and climate conditions on the educational territory (examining the process of students’ acclimatization), determining the role (peculiarities) of academic process technologies as a health risk factor (long-distance learning technologies, certain educational program), examining the progression and technology optimizing students’ way of life at different stages of education, assessment of physical activity, influence on accessibility of educational programs, significance of using electronic devices and educational means, feeding trends (ethnic ones, conditions and possibilities of adherence to the principles of healthy nutrition), etc.

Received: 2022-01-21

Published online: 2022-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.034

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VIEWS 1769

Studying nutrition patterns in children remains relevant for analysis of nutritional status in the population, including children. Child nutrition is considered the environmental factor that eventually defines the child’s health status and life expectancy. The large scale commercial market of adapted and partially adapted milk formulas for bottle feeding usually encourages mothers to refuse to breastfeed and transfer their babies to bottle feeding, which could be unsafe for the child. Supplementary and complementary foods could contain various foreign substances, which could increase chemical load on the growing child’s body by means of the consumed food products. The study was aimed to assess nutrition patterns in infants based on the questionnaire survey of 600 mothers in various healthcare institutions and to evaluate chemical contamination of the products for bottle feeding/supplementary feeding of infants, as well as of complementary foods based on the data acquired by the Federal Information Fund for Social and Hygienic Monitoring of the Russian Federation in 65 federal subjects in 2012–2017. The data obtained were processed using the Microsoft Word 2010 and Microsoft Excel 2010 software. It has been found that 37.3% infants are breastfed, 62.7% of infants are bottle-fed or supplemented. In 74.7% of cases complementary foods are introduced at the age of 4–6 months. Fruit and vegetable products are most commonly used as first complementary foods, after which cereal foods (cereal mixes) and canned meat are introduced. These types of food products have the highest concentrations of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury).

Received: 2021-10-05

Published online: 2021-12-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.032

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VIEWS 1757

In modern school education, a system, developing high academic loads among schoolchildren, is being formed. The loads pose a serious problem, creating inevitable medical consequences, and producing a negative effect on the morbidity and structure of the pathology for this group of children and adolescents. Given the situation, control over the academic load, its rational distribution and initiating supervision over the academic process intensity are relevant. Basic negative factors of academic process organization were found in the course of academic schedule analysis in 1.728 classes and estimating the academic process intensity during 3.500 lessons. The maximum non-conformities to hygienic standards were found in high school students from cities. It was established that a weekly academic load was exceeded after school owing to extended learning activities, and irrational distribution of a weekly academic load because of difficult subjects. Intellectual, sensory and emotional loads were the leading criteria of an intense academic process. Highly intense academic load was noted for such school subjects as Russian, Algebra, Foreign language, Chemistry and Geometry. The same subjects are taught in different major classes with a various degree of intensity. This required scored correction of how difficult the subjects are in senior major classes.

Received: 2021-10-05

Published online: 2021-12-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.025

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VIEWS 1875