Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Chernykh NYu, Skrebneva AV, Melikhova EP, Vasilieva MV

Sleep disturbance is a common health problem that can influence the quality of life. There are several types of sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, periodic limb movement disorder, and circadian dysregulation. Medical students are probably more prone to sleep disturbances due to their extreme academic stress. In this research, the incidence of sleep disturbance among medical students was examined, and the concomitant risk factors were determined. That was one-time research. A questioning was used to collect social, demographic and sleeping data. 678 1st, 2nd and 3rd year medical students were surveyed. 29% complained of at least one sleep disturbance. The most widely spread sleep disturbance observed among 51.8% medical students included insomnia (initial insomnia and sleep maintenance). 4th year students and those who spend much time on smartphones were more prone to sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbances are common among medical students. They need to be discovered and paid attention to before the situation gets worse.

Received: 2021-08-03

Published online: 2021-09-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.018

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VIEWS 1437

The article provides a literary review of studies on the impact of digitalization on indicators of mental health and well-being (emotional well-being, behaviour, communication, learning) of children and adolescents. The vast majority of researchers note the prevalence of different disorders in children and adolescents, including inattention, hyperactivity, anxiety, depressive symptoms, obsessive disorders etc.

Received: 2021-08-04

Published online: 2021-09-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.017

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VIEWS 1182

Timerzyanov MI, Ilina OA, Dubrovina EA, Milushkina OYu, Vasilev DE

The objective of the study was to develop and implement the system of hygienic measures eliminating (mitigating) the impact of risk factors in the work of forensic scientists and to estimate effectiveness of these measures and the program aimed at improvement of employment terms for forensic scientists [1, 2]. Forensic scientists were compared to a control group of other doctors. The following researches were carried out: survey of 303 forensic scientists, analysis of their employment terms based on employment terms special evaluation (2,736 materials of employment terms special evaluation), examination of forensic scientists’ health compared to other doctors by analyzing medical examination results (309 health records). Protection and promotion of working population’s health is the state priority. Its purpose is to preserve labor potential and create conditions for economic development of the country. Medical workers are exposed to a combined, complex, and associated effect of working environment conditions and parameters [3, 4]. Industrial and social factors can result in a rising incidence, reduction in life expectancy, ill health and medical staff performance increment, and require preventive measures. Those working for forensic expert organizations constitute a special population due to a large number of professional, medical and organizational, and social risk factors [5].

Received: 2021-08-03

Published online: 2021-09-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.020

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VIEWS 1080

Yamilova OYu, Koval’chuk VK

Prioritized drinking water contaminants found in water supply systems of the Russian Far East and their possible unfavorable influence on the population health have been reviewed. It is shown that drinking water natural mineral composition peculiarities have to be borne in mind when the level of somatic morbidity of the population is determined, which is essential due to intensified economic advancement of the region.

Received: 2021-08-08

Published online: 2021-09-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.022

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VIEWS 1164

Setko AG, Zhdanova OM, Tyurin AV

Increasing academic load, intensification of academic activity, use of not priorly certified innovative pedagogical technologies have been linked with steadily declining health in students. This is how a search for new effective methods of formation, strengthening and increasing health of students is initiated. An important task is to provide for scientific justification of the innovative approach to health control in students from general educational institutions of various types. Heavy academic activity, research of the functional condition of the central nervous, respiratory and cardiovascular systems were assessed in lyceum and school students in Grades 9–10. Students from an ‘at‑risk’ group had their psychophysiological condition corrected; the effectiveness was assessed by comparison of psychophysiological indicators before and after the session. When intensive academic activity is involved, adolescents from a lyceum had better operational indicators of the central nervous system, and functional indicators of the respiratory system as compared with schoolchildren. Students from the both groups had reduced biological, social and psychological adaptation. Sessions of functional biocontrol resulted in the increased number of those examined with normal working capacity and satisfactory biological adaptation against the background of a decreasing number of adolescents with a high level of psychoemotional stress. Functional biocontrol is an effective correction method of psychophysiological state of those educated. This determines the necessity of its use in educational institutions of various types.

Received: 2021-08-02

Published online: 2021-09-28

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.024

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VIEWS 1115

Socio-economic outcome of long-term SARS-CoV-2 pandemic poses a major health risk to children. A high number of neurological disturbances and nutrition-associated problems are reported. Hygiene is one of the most important measures to avoid the novel coronavirus infection. Children and adolescents commonly constitute a special population, as disease severity in this group significantly differs from that in middle-aged and senior groups. Lockdown and transition to remote learning result in numerous reasons for emotional stress such as a dramatically altered way of life and education, and an important reduction of physical activity. The basic hygienic measures for children and adolescents included lockdown and transition to remote learning. An altered way of life caused strong emotions and poor academic achievements. As time passes, based on numerous statistical data, we can conclude that the role of children in the infection transmission and spread is insignificant. In spite of doubtful effectiveness of transition to online learning and an abundance of negative consequences for children’s mental health, some authors report that closure of schools resulted in a reduced number of those affected and decreased mortality rate. Hand hygiene is a very important way to prevent the spread of infections. Hygiene promotion aimed at children and adolescents is lacking during the pandemic, as explanatory talks are mainly given by parents.

Received: 2021-04-12

Published online: 2021-09-05

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.016

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VIEWS 1643

Sokolova AI, Yaskova EE

The development of information technologies, their availability for every family, the transition to distance learning could not but affect health status of schoolchildren. In the past year, amid the spread of the new coronavirus infection, the time that schoolchildren spend with gadgets has significantly increased. The relevance of this study is determined by the evaluation of the ever-increasing and, as a rule, negative impact of computer technologies on the health of schoolchildren. The study aimed to investigate the features of the effect information technologies have on the well-being of high school students and to analyze the role teachers play in popularization of healthy lifestyle and reduction of the degree of influence of information technologies on health of modern schoolchildren.

Received: 2021-04-12

Published online: 2021-09-05

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.015

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VIEWS 1280

Obrubov SA, Markelova SV

The growth of eye disease incidence in the juvenile population amidst increasing visual load, which, among other factors, results from the use of electronic devices (ED), outlines the search for effective preventive measures, geared towards preservation of health of young people. The study was aimed to assess the impact of life activity upon exposure to digital environment on the organ of sight in schoolchildren and college students. The study was carried out in 2017-2020 at Dolgoprudny gymnasium and Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. A total of 805 schoolchildren and college students underwent ophthalmologic examination. Accommodative response was registered with Speedy-K Ver. MF-1 autorefractor keratometer (Japan). A standardized questionnaire, tailored by the authors to meet the requirements of the study, was used to assess the regime for the use of ED by students. Inclusion criteria: schoolchild, college student, ophthalmologic examination data and submitted informed consent available, correctly completed questionnaire. Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica 13.0 software. All students were the ED owners. Only 9.9% of primary school students, 2.7% of secondary school students, 1.9% of senior secondary school students, and 0.9% of college students did not use ED every day. Significant negative correlation was revealed between the students’ vision acuity and the daily total time of using the ED, as well as the duration of the ED continuous use (р≤0.05). Accommodation weakness was detected in 88.76% of students with early stage of myopia; accommodative response close to normal was less common (11.24%). The increase in daily total time of using the ED by 2 hours and more results in higher prevalence of functional vision problems (p≤0.05), and the trend of increasing the number of high myopia cases. The data obtained define the need of improving the students’ hygiene training starting from the preschool age.

Received: 2021-04-15

Published online: 2021-09-03

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.014

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VIEWS 1287