Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

Log In Registration RU

Babikova AS, Nasybullina GM, Danilova MA

To achieve high results in sports and preserve health, athletes need favorable conditions for a training process, accommodation and medical supply. The purpose of the study was to assess the sanitary and hygienic condition and organization of a training process at a school of Olympic reserve. Objectives of the study included assessment of architectural and planning concepts for the school-related buildings and premises; examination of sanitary and hygienic condition of training rooms, sports facilities, hall of residence, parameters of air thermal and light regimen; assessment of how the training process is organized and developing the activities to correct the found violations. A hygienic assessment of training and athletic premises, physical factors, medical and pedagogical observation (two types of sports) is done in the trial. It has been established during the examination that no requirements to light furniture labeling, temperature and light regimen, regimen of cleaning and storage of cleaning utensils and sanitary condition of the hall of residence are followed. Training sessions are structured and specific as far as physical activity dynamics goes. By a number of parameters (selection and arrangement of premises, class timetable and equipment), favorable conditions for education and training are created at the school. The established violations of sanitary and hygienic conditions in the school-related premises and buildings can promote fatigue, injuries and infectious diseases. A more proper medical control over the sanitary conditions of education and residence at the school is required.

Received: 2022-04-20

Published online: 2022-06-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.042

Comments 0

VIEWS 831

Rocha Ferreira SS, Koreshkova KYu, Guduru Y, Rocha LS, Perminova LA

At the end of December 2019, cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology were registered in China. The cause represented by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was established later. The infection has spread rapidly around the world. According to the latest official data, over 531,959,093 cases of the infection and over 6,299,068 confirmed COVID-19-related mortality cases were reported in 215 countries. The study aimed to examine characteristic features of the novel coronavirus pandemic in Russia, Brazil, and India from April 2020 to March 2022. Official statistical data on COVID-19-related morbidity, mortality, and vaccination from the websites of the Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights and Johns Hopkins Institute were collected for every country from April 01, 2020, to March 01, 2022. Out of the three examined countries, the highest incidence and mortality for COVID-19 per one million people were found in Brazil, followed by Russia and India respectively. The level of vaccination was the highest in Brazil (73%). It was followed by India (53%) and Russia (50%). The Delta variant of the virus was first identified in India in October 2020. In June of the next year, it accounted for the majority of COVID-19 cases registered in three countries. The same was true for the Omicron variant. Despite the efforts taken within the last two years to contain COVID-19 (development of vaccines, use of other antiepidemic agents), the coronavirus infection is still of cyclical patterns along with increased morbidity. Based on the obtained data, massive vaccination effectively reduced mortality due to COVID-19 though many new variants occurred.

Received: 2022-04-22

Published online: 2022-06-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.044

Comments 0

VIEWS 951

Markelova SV, Mettini E, Tatarinchik AA, Ievleva OV

The adverse impact of electronic devices, including mobile ones (smartphones, tablets), on the organism of children, adolescents and youth has been highlighted by many studies. The study was aimed to assess the regime of using mobile electronic devices and its impact on the students’ vision. The data on the use of mobile electronic devices in educational and recreational activities by 1218 schoolchildren and students were acquired; their work-rest schedule when engaged with mobile electronic devices was characterized. A total of 943 schoolchildren and students were examined by ophthalmologist and with the use of the Armis hardware-software complex (Russia). A significant decrease in visual acuity (measured in diopters) and the increase in the rate of functional vision problems and chronic eye disorders in first-graders (p ≤ 0.05) compared to their age-mates of the past decade were observed. During the learning process, a significant decrease in visual acuity (p ≤ 0.05) in both eyes was observed starting from middle school, which persisted both in high school and during first years of the university. Students, who adhered to the work-rest schedule when engaged with mobile electronic devices, significantly less often (p ≤ 0.05) complained of health problems. A regression model (p ≤ 0.05) was constructed for the relationship between the students’ visual acuity (OD, OS, diopters) and their work-rest schedule when engaged with mobile electronic devices. When assessing the regime of using electronic devices, medical stidents found that the time of use in both educational and recreational activities should be strictly regulated. To prevent functional vision problems and chronic eye disorders, it is necessary to limit the time of using mobile electronic devices by students. According to scientific research, this would have a beneficial effect on the finctional state of the organism and prevent fatigue.

Received: 2022-04-23

Published online: 2022-06-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.047

Comments 0

VIEWS 856

Evtodienko AM, Zdolnik TD

Drinking water, household water, and recreational water can be the vehicle of infections and invasions transmitted by fecal‑oral route. In this paper we studied the impact of the quality of water in water bodies on the incidence of enteric infections and invasions in the population of the Russian Federation based on the State reports “On the State of Sanitary and Epidemiological Well‑Being of the Population of the Russian Federation” issued by the Federal Center of Rospotrebnadzor in 2011–2020. Based on microbiological parameters, the quality of water from the centralized sources of water supply in the Russian Federation corresponds to microbiological parameters of water in waterworks before entering the distributive pipelines (3.5 and 2.9% off‑nominal tests, respectively, Rxy = 0.98). Giardia cysts were found in 0.06% of the assessed water samples collected from the centralized sources of water supply. This parameter correlates with the percentage of off‑nominal microbiological water tests (Rxy = 0.84). The values of biological water contamination tend to decrease. The incidence of acute enteric infections and giardiasis shows a negative trend and correlates with the indicators of biological water contamination obtained for water from the centralized sources of water supply and grade II reservoirs. The findings, that support the literature data on the impact of biological water contamination on the incidence of enteric infections and invasions in the population, highlight the relevance of maintaining the sanitary and hygienic condition, as well as providing thorough sanitary and hygienic control of water bodies.

Received: 2022-04-20

Published online: 2022-06-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.046

Comments 0

VIEWS 890

Sazonova OV, Tupikova DS, Ryazanova TK, Gavryushin MYu, Frolova OV, Trubetskaya SR

The main task of any country associated with sanitary and epidemiological welfare of population is to obtain drinking water of good quality. In the majority of regions of the Russian Federation, quality of water taken from water sources and water supply systems is still unsatisfactory. As far as the extent of human impact on the environment goes, the Samara region is an ecologically unfavorable part of the Volga region. With the accession of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation, the problem of water supply here has been intensified and the question of whether the drinking water corresponds to Sanitary Rules and Regulations 2.1.3685–21 and Sanitary Rules and Regulations 2.1.3684–21 arose. The purpose of the study is to analyze quality of drinking water supply in the regions of the Russian Federation. Drinking water samples taken from the centralized domestic water supply system in the Samara urban district and Republic of Crimea were analyzed using 20 sanitary and chemical parameters. Quality of drinking water doesn’t correspond to the requirements for oil products in all samples; the average value of this parameter exceeded the maximum permissible limit by 0.18 mg/dm3 in the Samara urban district and by 0.04 mg/dm3 in the Republic of Crimea, all the other parameters were within normal limits. However, during the comparative analysis quality of drinking water in the Republic of Crimea was insignificantly better than in the Samara urban district. Quality of drinking water is determined with the source of drinking water supply (surface and underground). Thus, to make the prepared drinking water normal, a respective water treating is necessary. Bad condition of water supply pipes can also produce a negative impact on quality of water obtained by a consumer.

Received: 2022-04-20

Published online: 2022-06-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.043

Comments 0

VIEWS 910

Students’ state of health is both a national, and a global challenge. Its relevance is increasing every year. When developing prevention programs, it’s important to consider principal factors of risk for students’ health. The youth is a significant group of population with students being a fundamental part of it. This article analyzes the risk factors that influence students’ state of health to the greatest extent. Bad habits are given considerable attention to. A set of prevention activities must be developed for students taking into account specifics of their education. A comprehensive approach must be used to ensure the greatest effect on students’ health.

Received: 2022-01-20

Published online: 2022-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.040

Comments 0

VIEWS 942

Makunina OA, Botagariyev TA, Kovalenko AN, Bykov EV, Kubieva SS

The article presents a comparative assessment of the health of students of the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan, obtained by copying and analyzing the distribution by health groups during physical education classes. Statistical data processing was carried out using Statistica 13.0 software. A comparative analysis of the health of students in the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan according to medical records made it possible to establish that at the beginning of education at the university, the number of students with the main group for physical education is 36–42%, during the period of study it decreases to 30–38%. At the same time, there were no significant differences in the analyzed parameters. The obtained data on health assessment are the basis for the development of educational programs in the medical-biological, natural-science areas and for the research work of students. This study was carried out within the framework of the International Scientific and Pedagogical Cooperation.

Received: 2022-01-19

Published online: 2022-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.039

Comments 0

VIEWS 985

Zakharova AA, Astashkevich EV, Popov MV, Skoblina EV

The study was aimed to define the female students’ awareness of the reproductive health protection issues. A survey was conducted in 2021–2022 in order to study the onset of menstrual cycles and age at menarche in 372 female students of medical and non-medical universities and colleges of the Central Federal District. The survey of 530 female students concerning their knowledge about the reproductive health protection issues and their attitude towards sexuality education for children and adolescents was also conducted. Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software package (StatSoft, USA). Insufficient knowledge about the reproductive health protection issues among students was reported: the contingency coefficient for the presence of real menstrual disorder and the students’ belief of having problems was low (Pearson contingency coefficient = 0.31, р ≤ 0.05).

Received: 2022-01-21

Published online: 2022-03-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2022.038

Comments 0

VIEWS 1023