Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

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Zadorozhnaya NA, Dubkova NV, Domozhilova AA, Petrochenko DE

Monitoring and studying nutritional status is an important stage in the planning of dietary and metabolic support program for figure skaters. However, currently, there is no comprehensive approach to the assessment of this status that would have factored in the specifics of the given sport. In this regard, this study aimed to update the comprehensive figure skaters nutritional status assessment program. We invited male (n = 13) and female (n = 19) students of the Lesgaft National University, aged 19–20 years, to participate in the study; they all specialize in figure skating. At the first stage, we measured the subjects' anthropometric parameters (body mass index, body fat percentage), clinical indicators (based on the results of the health complaints survey), and speed of dark adaptation. The measurements have shown that the values of body mass index and body fat percentage were normal in all participants for their age. The survey revealed indirect signs of dietary deficiencies, in particular, insufficient amounts of vitamins A, C, P, and B1. To make the nutritional status check more informative, we suggest completing the program with functional testing (general and special standards) involving registration of the dynamics of the respective indicators, and bioelectrical impedance analysis to learn body composition.

Received: 2024-07-08

Published online: 2024-12-26

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.116

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VIEWS 1120

Khramtsov PI, Kurgansky AM, Berezina NO, Chekalova SA, Antonova EV

Health of children and adolescents largely depends on the quality of their sleep. However, the effect of digital devices and screen time on thereon have not been studied thoroughly. This study aimed to investigate the influence of digital devices on the sleep quality of primary school children. We surveyed 333 parents of children aged 7–10 years. The questionnaire included questions about the types of digital devices used by children, and frequency and duration of use daily and weekly use. We studied the specifics and quality of sleep of children. It was found that using a laptop for more than an hour a day increases the risk of sleep disorders (RR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.37–2.54; EF = 46%). Children using a computer every day run a higher risk of nightmares (RR = 4.7; 95% CI: 1.49–15.11; EF = 79%). Neither TV, nor mobile phones were shown to produce such effects. The study has revealed that the type of the device and the patterns of its use (on both daily and weekly levels) are factors in the development of sleep disorders.

Received: 2023-12-07

Published online: 2024-12-25

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.115

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VIEWS 1995

Golovleva AA, Korsakov AV, Troshin VP, Milushkina OYu, Pivovarov YuP, Korolik VV, Lagerev DG

Radioactive and chemical contamination can affect carcinogenesis, including the development of malignant neoplasms of the ovaries (MNOs) in women. The study aimed to perform comparative assessment of environmental situation in the towns and districts of the Bryansk Region based on chemical, radioactive, and combined radioactive contamination, as well as primary incidence of MNOs in women in accordance with official statistics for the years 2000–2019. The data for the study were provided by the Bryansk Regional Oncology Dispensary, Bryanskstat, Rostekhnadzor, Rospotrebnadzor. Neither significant differences in primary incidence of MNOs, nor increased risk of MNO were revealed in female population aged 18–80 years, regardless of the environmental conditions of living in 2000–2019. We revealed a significantly elevated relative risk (RR) of primary incidence of low-grade MNOs in women aged 41–60 years living in the environmentally disadvantaged areas compared to women living in the control areas: RR 1.88 (95% CI: 1.43–2.48); p < 0.0001). The rate of low-grade MNOs in women aged 41–60 years in the areas of the combined exposure is 17.6 ± 1.96, which 1.5-fold exceeds the values reported for radioactively contaminated areas (11.7 ± 2.73) and 1.2-fold exceeds the values reported for chemically contaminated areas (15.2 ± 1.31). The combined effects of radioactive and chemical contamination results in the higher RR of low-grade MNOs compared to the areas with only one pollution factor, i.e. radioactive contamination (RR 1.51 (95% CI: 1.00–2.28)), chemical contamination (RR 1.17 (95% CI: 0.90–1.50)). The findings suggest synergistic effect of radiation and chemical factors on the incidence of low-grade MNOs.

Received: 2023-11-08

Published online: 2024-12-24

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.114

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VIEWS 1173

Gavrikova AA, Dementiev AA, Solovyev DA, Tsurgan AM, Paramonova VA, Korshunova EP, Sharov AA

Drinking water occupies one of the leading places among environmental factors responsible for shaping public health, so providing sanitary-and-epidemiologic wellbeing of the population cannot be considered separately from solving the hygienic problem of water supply. The study aimed to provide comparative hygienic characteristics of the quality of drinking water from the Ryazan centralized water supply system based on organoleptic indicators. Comparative assessment of the quality of drinking water was performed based on the analysis of the data of the years of research for the years 2017–2022. We performed analysis of the long-term average annual values of odor at 20 ºС and 60 ºС, taste, color and turbidity, share of samples non-compliant with the hygienic standards, over time. Inidicators were also assessed based on the season of the year and territorial belonging. The average indicator values were compared using analysis of variance; pairwise comparison involved the use of the Scheffe and Tamhane tests considering the Levene’s test results. Confidence intervals of the relative indicators were determined based on the Wilson score. The long-term average annual values of organoleptic indicators of the quality of drinking water in Ryazan are compliant with SanPiN 1.2.3685-21. A small number of samples had odor, taste, and color exceeding the hygienic standards. Turbidity that was non-compliant with the hygienic requirements in 2.2% of samples and reached the maximum value of 16.4 mg/L (kaolin) should be considered the most challenging indicator of the quality of test drinking water.

Received: 2024-05-17

Published online: 2024-12-07

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.113

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VIEWS 1484

Eliseev YuYu, Chekhomov SYu, Eliseeva YuV

Current approach to sanitary and hygienic measures in various parts of the national health care system should create new challenges aimed at practical prevention in the context of the safety of people from the environmental carcinogenic factors. The effective Russian SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 regulates hygienic requirements for the safety of environmental factors for humans; inter alia, the documents lists biological carcinogens and carcinogenic lifestyle factors. The efforts of sanitary specialists in general and employees of Rospotrebnadzor in particular aimed at prevention of harmful impact of the existing carcinogenic factors shall be more effective if the available information on the potentially dangerous biological agents of carcinogenesis is more complete. This paper reviews the modern sanitary and hygienic aspects of carcinogenic factors of biological nature, and describes the causes of oncological diseases caused by them as well as the respective prognosis. Viruses, bacteria and trematodes, whose participation in the occurrence and development of a specific cancer is an established fact, are posed as etiological agents of the carcinogenic hazard biological factors present for a human being.

Received: 2024-04-22

Published online: 2024-12-02

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.112

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VIEWS 1153

Aminova OS, Tyatenkova NN

In the light of the issue, specifically health preservation in students, the development and introduction of the program for shaping healthy lifestyle and health improvement in student youth seems relevant, which constitutes the objective of the paper. Considering the data of the analytical literature review and the results of our study involving assessment of behavioral health risk factors in young adults, the program focused on shaping healthy lifestyle and health improvement in individuals engaged in educational process was developed and introduced at the Yaroslavl State Medical University. The program brings together five workstreams: optimization of training conditions and regime, assessment of lifestyle and the related risk factors, health culture development, sport and wellness activities, health services management. The program developed includes medical and hygienic, educational, sport and wellness health preservation technologies.

Received: 2024-01-24

Published online: 2024-12-01

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.111

Comments 0

VIEWS 1490

Voytovich AA

The relevance of the study results from high significance of nutrition and the growing interest of today’s researchers in the phenomenon of orthorexia nervosa (ON) as an obsessive desire for healthy, proper diet. The study aimed to assess ON severity in students. The students’ anthropometric measurements (body height, body weight), body mass index (Quetelet Index), ON severity based on the ORTO-15 questionnaire, features of the diet based on the Food Frequency Questionnaire were assessed, with subsequent statistical processing of the results. High prevalence of ON among both girls and young men (80.2% of the respondents) was shown. Furthermore, there were no differences in the ON phenomenon severity between young men and girls, and the relationship between the ON severity and the anthropometric measurements was non-significant (p > 0.05). Food selectivity associated with the phenomenon of ON was found in 3.3% of cases. Imbalanced diet was found in the majority of the respondents. The study has made it possible to conclude that the subjects constitute the group at risk of eating disorders. Further research is needed to accurately diagnose ON and reveal the relationship between ON and possible risk factors of this condition.

Received: 2023-10-24

Published online: 2024-11-25

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.110

Comments 0

VIEWS 1109

Solovyova JuV, Paunova SS, Markelova SV, Kirillova AV, Skoblina NA, Tseplyaeva KV, Sapunova NO

Great attention is traditionally paid to prevention of infectious diseases in pediatric population. Along with the institutional, therapeutic and preventive measures, it is necessary to control public awareness of such issues. The study was aimed to analyze awareness of primary school, high school, and senior school students, college and university students of the issues related to prevention of infections with fecal-oral and hematogenic transmission mechanisms. The study was carried out using the private online questionnaire consisting of three items (personal information, questions regarding awareness of the infections with fecal-oral and hematogenic transmission mechanisms). The properly filled questionnaires of the respondents, who had given to consent to participation in the study, were analyzed. It was found that schoolchildren aged 12–15 years were the least informed about the issues related to prevention of infections with fecal-oral and hematogenic transmission mechanisms, while the group of students aged 18–30 years was the most informed. It was hypothesized that parents influenced the choice of answer made by schoolchildren aged 6–11 during the online survey. It has been proposed to ensure raising of the 6–15-year-old students’ awareness of the issues related to prevention of infectious diseases, including by means of hygienic training when mastering such school curriculum subjects, as Biology and Human Life Safety.

Received: 2024-01-22

Published online: 2024-09-28

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.108

Comments 0

VIEWS 1148