ISSN Print 2713-0878    ISSN Online 2713-0886
Russian Bulletin of Hygiene
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

New articles

Original research Estimation and analysis of smoking, the harmful habit of medical students
Libina II, Chernykh NYu, Melikhova EP, Skrebneva AV, Fertikova TE, Vasilieva MV, Khatuaev RO
In modern society, smoking is one of the most common harmful habits. The issue of smoking among medical students and the ways to address it are particularly relevant. The study was aimed to identify the priority factors contributing to smoking as the main harmful habit. We performed a cross-sectional study of 254 students using the tailored questionnaire, D. Horn test, and Fagerstrom test. The data obtained were processed and analyzed using the mathematical statistics methods. The findings have shown that 68.4% of students are smokers. The majority of students report negative health effects of smoking: 45% of students complain of cough, 38% complain of mucus, 52% complain of the decrease in physical endurance. Furthermore, low motivation for smoking cessation has been revealed in the majority of respondents. Vaping turned out to be the smoking type most popular among students, and the majority of respondents believe that it is harmless. The identified predominant types of smoking behavior (“support”, “craving”) suggest emotional stress. The correlation between the students’ anxious emotional state and the frequency of smoking has been found (r = 0.79). Learning problems and emotional stress are the priority factors contributing to smoking as the main harmful habit of students. Thus, the issue of smoking should be considered both in medical-biological and socio-psychological aspects. It is important to shape health-saving behavior in students through hygienic training and education.
Received: 2024-04-01
Published online: 2024-05-15
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.095
Comments 0
VIEWS 10
Review Patterns of influence of electronic devices on lifestyle and health of young adults
Milushkina OYu, Skoblina NA, Markelova SV
High demand for electronic devices used both for educational purposes and during leisure time among the representatives of younger generation is reported. Inadequate development of skills related to the safe use of electronic devices results in impaired daily routine and eating pattern, impairs the quality and duration of sleep, contributes to the development of internet addiction, determines the risk of health problems in users, and provides the basis for the development of prevention programs to be used at the population, group, and individual levels. The paper summarizes the data on the influence of electronic devices on the lifestyle and health of young adults. The review of scientific papers published in the international and Russian databases (E-Library, PubMed, Cyberleninka) in 2019–2023 is provided. The accumulated knowledge about the adverse effects of electronic devices on health will make it possible to use the findings to search for effective preventive measures and plan further scientific research.
Received: 2023-12-22
Published online: 2024-05-08
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.094
Comments 0
VIEWS 44
Opinion Pulse-width modulation as a new hygienic factor determining the visual comfort of modern screens
Kurgansky AM
The information revolution and intensive development of electronic devices take place in the recent decades. Furthermore, not so long ago such a hygienic factor, as the display luminance pulse-width modulation (PWM) capable of causing visual discomfort (PWM symptoms) in individuals with increased sensitivity to visual load, has become relevant. The main complaints include eye pain, headache, sometimes nausea, up to the inability to use such screens. Moreover, this characteristic can be peculiar not only to LED (AMOLED, etc.), but also to IPS displays due to the presence of the LED backlight layer. No regulation of the issue has led to the emergence of online resources on PWM and the problem of visual impairment, where users verify the data on their own, which suggests the relevance of the subject selected. The paper reports theoretical aspects of PWM, technical characteristics of displays with PWM; the approaches to PWM measurement are described; the possible ways to reduce visual discomfort are discussed. Furthermore, the paper describes the method to measure PWM of displays using a photo camera with the exposure time set to 1/20 s, along with the method testing results. It has been shown that further research focused on assessing the effects of PWM on vision and the development of the method for hygienic assessment of monitors and smartphone screens with PWM are required.
Received: 2023-12-07
Published online: 2024-03-28
DOI: 10.24075//rbh.2024.093
Comments 0
VIEWS 143
Original research Ranking of territories in the Voronezh region by the incidence rates resulting from chemical load
Mekhantyev II, Enin AV
Numerous studies conducted by domestic and foreign researchers report the influence of environmental pollution on shaping morbidity of a population. The study was aimed to rank the territories of the Voronezh Region by the incidence rates probably resulting from chemical pollution of atmospheric air, drinking water, soils in residential areas recorded in 2018–2022. The districts were divided into three groups based on the long-time annual average incidence rates. The degree of correlation between the disease entities and the chemical environmental factors was determined through correlation analysis. The findings have shown that the city of Voronezh and Pavlovsky District are the territories at risk of the disorders with the etiology that is likely to be associated with chemical air pollution. The territories at risk of the disorders that are likely to be associated with chemical pollution of drinking water include Kashirsky, Kantemirovsky, Olkhovatsky, Ternovsky, Khokholsky districts, while the territories at risk of the disorders that are likely to be associated with chemical pollution of soils in residential areas include the city of Voronezh, Borisoglebsky city district, Liskinsky and Rossoshansky districts. The situation observed in the above administrative territories requires in-depth study of the degree of the impact of chemical factors on public health and identification of the sources of these factors. The findings can be used to develop the guidelines on minimization of the adverse effects of chemical environmental factors on public health in the region.
Received: 2023-12-14
Published online: 2024-03-26
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2024.092
Comments 0
VIEWS 159
View All
Submit Manuscript

Popular articles

Review Carbon dioxide: problems of standard setting, content control and prevention of adverse effects in educational institutions
Novikova II, Sorokina AV, Lobkis MA, Zubtsovskaya NA, Semenikhina MV, Shcheveleva VA, Nazimkin NI
This article is a review of data published in Russian and foreign studies that reflect current problems concerning content of carbon dioxide in spaces of residential and public buildings, including children's educational organizations. We consider: mechanisms of action of high concentrations of carbon dioxide on the human body, which manifests as acute and delayed disruptions of metabolic processes in circulatory, central and respiratory systems; existing carbon dioxide content measurement methods used for indoor spaces; principles of setting microclimate and air quality standards for temporarily and constantly occupied indoor spaces and the respective parameter control principles. This analytical review revealed the need for standard-setting efforts, development and approval of a methodology enabling measurement of the actual carbon dioxide concentration in children's educational institutions, since routine measures adopted for the purpose lack in effectiveness or realization, which prevents normalization and stabilization of all qualitative and quantitative air parameters at the levels making the environment of a classroom safe and optimal for education-related activities given high occupancy of the space.
Received: 2023-09-05
Published online: 2023-12-02
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.081
Comments 0
VIEWS 360
Opinion Features of teaching hygiene in the medical university considering specialization and digitalization
Fertikova TE, Chernykh NYu, Melikhova EP, Skrebneva AV, Libina II, Khatuaev RO, Vasilieva MV
The issue of organizing the teaching of hygiene considering specialization of the medical university faculties is relevant in the context of digitalization. Proficiency in digital skill determines the modern professional physician’s competitiveness. The paper provides analysis of the use of digital technologies to study the relevant issues of hygiene. Educational process at the Department of General Hygiene of the Voronezh State Medical University is built on the principle of uniformity and consistency. Professional educational trajectory, including that on digital platforms, considers the teaching continuity, from fundamental theoretical subjects to clinical and specialized ones. Within the framework of educational process, issues of special hygiene, such as specifics of structure and use of medical institutions, features of professional activity of physicians of various specialties, are considered. Conventional methods to teach hygiene are supplemented with the differentially used innovative teaching techniques. The business game method is successfully used by the future clinicians to master the topic “Food Poisoning”. The method of creating educational videos for visual demonstration of laboratory work can be used in distant learning. The digital learning method demonstrates the possibility of using advanced digital devices and internet-based technologies in preventive medicine. It seems necessary to further improve the educational process at all the faculties as educational and professional standards, as well as the academic passport for Hygiene, are updated.
Received: 2023-09-21
Published online: 2023-12-08
DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2023.083
Comments 0
VIEWS 315
All News