Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

ISSN Print 2713-0878 ISSN Online 2713-0886

Russian Bulletin of Hygiene

BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL OF ERMC EASTERN EUROPEAN

Log In Registration RU

Goncharova GA

The article deals with new digital opportunities in diagnosis and prevention of health and well-being of students that also create principally new conditions for getting education. Use of digital traces, big data, machine learning and computer modelling in diagnosis results in obtaining important data about mental health of students to examine their behavior, physical activity, emotional condition and a wide specter of personal traits in detail. Quantitative methods combined with big data and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are utilized to anticipate certain neurological and mental diseases. They allow to overcome limitations of traditional research methods and expand the opportunities of modern education by changing the educational process based on the analysis results and adapting them to the student’s current state and development. When digital technologies are moderately used under certain conditions, they (chat-bots, applications and other online resources) can be utilized as preventive activities, estimating one’s health, improving social and psychological well-being and interactions by transforming the educational process.

Received: 2021-10-06

Published online: 2021-12-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.030

Comments 0

VIEWS 2317

Milushkina OYu, Dubrovina EA, Timerzyanov MI, Khaertdinova LA

Despite considerable progress in prevention and treatment of atopic dermatitis made in recent years, the issue remains topical, since in recent decades a significant increase in the prevalence of atopic disorders is observed all over the world. The increased incidence of atopic dermatitis results from the human body exposure to the wide range of factors, as well as from the factors’ specificity and mutual activation. Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial disorder associated with genetic predisposition to atopy, realized under the influence of environmental factors. The risk factors of pediatric atopic dermatitis are divided into endogenous and exogenous factors, which are also affected by genetic susceptibility. It is worth paying attention to the fact that the factors are enhanced by triggers, which both directly and indirectly influence the body in children and adolescents. A combination of multiple factors plays a key role in chronic pediatric atopic dermatitis. Also do not forget about the impact of sanitation, hygiene, environmental factors, urbanization of the area of residence, and the presence of industrial enterprises in the residential area on the health of children and adolescents. Atopic dermatitis has a negative impact on the quality of life of children and their families. There is a clear need for further research. Currently, monitoring the effects of atopic dermatitis becomes relevant, it is aimed at addressing the issues of prevention. For its part, timely identification of the risk factors and concomitant disorders are of inestimable value for the course of the disorder.

Received: 2021-10-03

Published online: 2021-12-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.026

Comments 0

VIEWS 2315

Ganuzin VM, Maskova GS

The article reviews the issues of career counseling for adolescents with health problems. Goal. Show the possibilities and share the experience of providing career advice with focus on health to adolescents with health problems in the settings of primary health care establishments. Patients and methods. Nine hundred forty schoolchildren were counseled in the career advice room. The participants were divided into 3 groups: group 1 — participants with disabilities since early childhood, group 2 — children with chronic diseases, group 3 — children at risk of developing chronic diseases. The inclusion criteria were: status of a schoolchild, signed and submitted informed consent form, lack of exposure to occupational hazards. The conducted study does not endanger the participants and complies with the biomedical ethics requirements. Statistica 10.0 software was used for statistical processing of the data collected. Based on the results of this work and review of the relevant publications, authors of the study suggest a structure of the health- centric career advice service. Conclusions Career advice that factors in health aspects is an important link in medical and psychological rehabilitation aimed at helping the teenager to adapt to current socio-e conomic conditions and realize his/her physical and intellectual capabilities.

Received: 2021-10-05

Published online: 2021-12-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.029

Comments 0

VIEWS 2206

Ievleva OV

The hygienic assessment of the mode of using mobile electronic devices (ED) was carried out to develop preventive activities aimed at education of medical students. A total of 518 medical students were surveyed. The survey was created in Google Forms. The obtained data were processed with Statistica 13 PL. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of biomedical ethics and did not expose the participants to any danger. Data on a habitual mode of using mobile electronic devices by medical students during their traditional educational process were obtained through the survey: half of them never did eye gymnastics, over 75.0% reported holding their mobile ED very close to the eyes, 75.0% of those surveyed used mobile ED in the lack of light. While assessing the mode of ED use by medical students, it was established that the visual organ sustained the largest burden. Preventive activities are necessary to avoid negative consequences and produce useful skills of using ED during education of future doctors at a university.

Received: 2021-08-08

Published online: 2021-09-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.023

Comments 0

VIEWS 2435

Ganuzin VM, Maskova GS, Storozheva IV, Sukhova NS

The article deals with the issues of health in children and adolescents aged 7–17 years. The objective of this study is to analyze health experience in school-age children and adolescents based on regular medical check-up results. According to regular medical check-up results, 15,192 schoolchildren were examined in 2015, including 12,649 children aged 7–14 years and 2,543 children aged 15–17 years. In 2020, health of 18,708 schoolchildren was assessed, including 14,861 children aged 7 to14 years and 3,847 children aged 15 to 17 years. The authors analyze dynamics of distribution of children into health groups, and age-related incidence of school- related diseases. In children and adolescents of different age, eye disorders occupy first place in the rank of prevalent school- related diseases; the events are followed by musculoskeletal diseases, nervous and GIT diseases, progressing with age, including scoliosis. Percentage of healthy children without the signs of a school- related abnormality at school is reducing. In the majority of cases, pathological abnormalities are found in 15–17-year-old adolescents.

Received: 2021-08-15

Published online: 2021-09-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.019

Comments 0

VIEWS 2395

Tikhonova YuL

The safety of baby foods is key to a child’s health, which, in turn, is one of the prioritized national goals. As they grow, children get exposed to numerous negative environmental impacts. Chemical contamination of baby foods can increase pediatric morbidity. The aim of this study was to investigate possible correlations between baby food contamination and primary pediatric morbidity using data on 65 Russian regions collected in 2012–2017 by the Russian Federal Information Public Health Surveillance Foundation. The data were processed in Microsoft Word 2010 and Microsoft Excel 2010. Of 67,940 samples of baby foods analyzed for chemical contamination, priority pollutants (toxic element) were detected in 14.1%. The most contaminated were fruit and vegetable purees (47.1%), followed by milk formulas and cultured dairy products (19.9%). We also analyzed 32,914 indicators of pediatric morbidity. The Pearson correlation analysis detected reliable correlations between baby food contamination and the primary incidence of endocrine disorders in infants, as well as the primary incidence of obesity, diabetes mellitus and cancer in children aged 0 to 14 years.

Received: 2021-08-10

Published online: 2021-09-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.021

Comments 0

VIEWS 2279

Chernykh NYu, Skrebneva AV, Melikhova EP, Vasilieva MV

Sleep disturbance is a common health problem that can influence the quality of life. There are several types of sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, periodic limb movement disorder, and circadian dysregulation. Medical students are probably more prone to sleep disturbances due to their extreme academic stress. In this research, the incidence of sleep disturbance among medical students was examined, and the concomitant risk factors were determined. That was one-time research. A questioning was used to collect social, demographic and sleeping data. 678 1st, 2nd and 3rd year medical students were surveyed. 29% complained of at least one sleep disturbance. The most widely spread sleep disturbance observed among 51.8% medical students included insomnia (initial insomnia and sleep maintenance). 4th year students and those who spend much time on smartphones were more prone to sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbances are common among medical students. They need to be discovered and paid attention to before the situation gets worse.

Received: 2021-08-03

Published online: 2021-09-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.018

Comments 0

VIEWS 2888

Goncharova GA

The article provides a literary review of studies on the impact of digitalization on indicators of mental health and well-being (emotional well-being, behaviour, communication, learning) of children and adolescents. The vast majority of researchers note the prevalence of different disorders in children and adolescents, including inattention, hyperactivity, anxiety, depressive symptoms, obsessive disorders etc.

Received: 2021-08-04

Published online: 2021-09-30

DOI: 10.24075/rbh.2021.017

Comments 0

VIEWS 2361